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. 2023 Jan 11;11(1):182. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11010182

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Differences in spot inhibition index (SII) values of the three lactobacilli and two antibiotics against the indicator bacteria: (a) Salmonella gallinarum CNHJ001, (b) Salmonella enteritidis 190610_1, (c) Escherichia coli ROH_0034, and (d) Staphylococcus aureus ROH_0029. The SII of each lactobacillus and antibiotic was calculated from ten replicates. The SII values of all groups were analyzed using a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s test for post hoc testing. Significant difference is denoted by asterisk * (*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001, ****: p < 0.0001). AK: amikacin; AMP: ampicillin; LP: L. plantarum ATCC 14917; L.SWLA-1: L. animalis SWLA-1; L11-2: L. animalis 11-2.