Table 1.

Formulation and proximate analysis of trial diets (dry matter, DM %).

Ingredients (%)	Groups
	L	M	H	LE	ME	HE
Fishmeal a	26	26	26	26	26	26
Casein a	25	25	25	25	25	25
Wheat gluten a	6	6	6	6	6	6
Corn starch a	15	24	33	15	24	33
Fish oil a	12.63	8.63	4.37	12.63	8.63	4.37
Soybean lecithin a	1	1	1	1	1	1
Vitamin premix b	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mineral premix c	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Enzyme	0	0	0	0.05	0.05	0.05
Calcium monophosphate d	1	1	1	1	1	1
Choline chloride d	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Antioxidants a	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Attractant a	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vitamin C a	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Carboxymethyl cellulose e	2	2	2	2	2	2
Microcrystalline cellulose e	9.99	4.99	0.25	9.94	4.94	0.25
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Proximate composition
Moisture	10.85	10.06	11.11	9.57	10.62	10.67
Crude protein	43.20	43.14	44.12	43.42	43.49	43.57
Crude lipid	15.96	12.27	8.03	16.06	12.05	8.73
Ash	6.46	6.3	6.25	6.18	6.24	6.34
Carbohydrate	15	24	33	15	24	33
Carbohydrate/lipid	0.91	1.92	3.91	0.91	1.92	3.91
Gross energy (MJ Kg−1)	19.62	19.58	19.54	19.62	19.58	19.54

^a Ingredients were purchased from Zhanjiang, Hai Bao Factory, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China. ^b Premix supplied the following vitamins (IU or mg/kg): Vitamin A, 900,000 IU; Vitamin D, 200,000 IU; Vitamin E, 4500 mg; Vitamin K3, 220 mg; Vitamin B1, 320 mg; Vitamin B2, 1090 mg; Niacin, 2800 mg; Vitamin B5, 2000 mg; Vitamin B6, 500 mg; Vitamin B12, 1.6 mg; Vitamin C, 5000 mg; Pantothenate, 1000 mg; Folic acid, 165 mg; Choline, 60,000 mg (Obtained from Zhanjiang Yue Hai Feed Co. Ltd., Guangdong China). ^c Premix suppled the following minerals (g/kg): CuSO₄·5H₂O, 2.0 g; FeSO₄·7H2O, 25g; ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 22 g; MnSO₄·4H₂O, 7g; Na₂SeO₃, 0.04 g; KI, 0.026g; CoCl₂·6H₂O, 0.1 g (Obtained from Zhanjiang Yue Hai Feed Co., Ltd., Guangdong China). ^d Obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd., Shanghai China. ^e Acquired from Shantou Xilong Chemical Factory, Guangdong China.