Table 3.
Effects of carbohydrase supplementation on growth performance, survival and feed utilization in hybrid grouper fed different CHO:L ratios diets (n = 3).
| Groups | CHO:L | Enzyme | IBW(g) | FBW(g) | WGR(%) | SGR(% day−1) | SR(%) | FCR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | 0.91 | 9.78 ±0.01 a | 44.48 ± 4.39 a | 333.40 ± 26.71 a | 2.82 ± 0.12 a | 95.56 ± 3.85 a | 1.20 ± 0.08 b | |
| M | 1.92 | 9.78 ± 0.00 a | 54.27 ± 2.38 b | 448.60 ± 22.61 cd | 3.27 ± 0.08 cd | 98.89 ± 1.92 a | 0.96 ± 0.10 a | |
| H | 3.91 | 9.78 ± 0.01 a | 50.66 ± 2.55 ab | 412.05 ± 21.21 bc | 3.14 ± 0.08 bc | 98.89 ± 1.92 a | 1.07 ± 0.07 ab | |
| LE | 0.91 | E | 9.78 ± 0.01 a | 47.12 ± 1.35 a | 371.00 ± 14.35 ab | 2.98 ± 0.06 ab | 97.78 ± 1.92 a | 1.16 ± 0.04 b |
| ME | 1.92 | E | 9.78 ± 0.01 a | 56.39 ± 2.21 b | 463.61 ± 19.12 cd | 3.32 ± 0.07 cd | 97.78 ± 1.92 a | 0.94 ± 0.08 a |
| HE | 3.91 | E | 9.78 ± 0.00 a | 57.02 ± 1.26 b | 476.41 ± 7.97 d | 3.36 ± 0.03 d | 98.89 ± 1.92 a | 0.93 ± 0.06 a |
| Means of main effect | ||||||||
| L | 0.91 | 9.78 | 45.80 A | 352.20 A | 2.90 A | 96.67 | 1.19 B | |
| M | 1.92 | 9.78 | 55.33 B | 456.11 B | 3.30 B | 98.33 | 0.95 A | |
| H | 3.91 | 9.78 | 53.84 B | 444.23 B | 3.25 B | 98.89 | 1.00 A | |
| No | 9.78 | 49.80 X | 398.02 X | 3.08 X | 97.78 | 1.082 | ||
| Have | 9.78 | 53.51 Y | 437.01 Y | 3.22 Y | 98.15 | 1.012 | ||
| Two-way ANOVA: p-values | ||||||||
| CHO:L | 1.00 | 0.010 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.194 | <0.001 | ||
| Enzyme | 0.78 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.090 | 0.06 | ||
| CHO:L*Enzyme | 0.49 | 0.333 | 0.135 | 0.178 | 0.115 | 0.30 | ||
Weight gain rate (WGR, %) = 100 × (final body weight (g) − initial body weight (g))/initial bodyweight (g). Specific growth rate (SGR, %) = 100 × (ln final body weight (g) − ln initial body weight (g))/days of experiment. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) = feed intake (g)/(final body weight (g) − initial body weight(g)). Survival rate (SR, %) = 100 × (final fish number)/initial fish number. Value was expressed as the means of three replications (n = 3). Average of different superscripts in the same column (a, b, c, d etc. Or A, B etc. Or X, Y) are significantly different (p < 0.05). (Dietary CHO:L ratio= A, B etc.; Dietary carbohydrase = X, Y). L, M, and H represent CHO:L ratios of 0.91, 1.92 and 3.91, respectively. LE, ME, and HE represent CHO:L ratios of 0.91, 1.92, 3.91, respectively, supplemented with the same ratio of carbohydrase; “No” means no enzyme, “Have” and “E” means enzyme.