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. 2023 Jan 15;12(2):692. doi: 10.3390/jcm12020692

Table 3.

The effects of sociodemographic variables, pandemic, university profile, year of study, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness on the subjective AQoL in a complex backward stepwise linear regression model.

Variable MANSA
B β SE t p NG
During the pandemic −0.406 −0.035 0.078 −5.18 <0.001 0.110
University profile Medical 1.124 0.081 0.091 12.30 <0.001
HDI Very high 2.001 0.058 0.656 3.04 0.002
High 0.105 0.002 0.490 0.21 0.829
Medium −1.795 −0.040 0.486 −3.70 <0.001
GDP per capita High −0.874 −0.031 0.565 −1.54 0.122
Upper-middle 0.767 0.017 0.443 1.73 0.083
Lower-middle −0.091 −0.002 0.453 −0.20 0.840
Year of study VI 0.711 0.033 0.263 2.69 0.007
V 0.386 0.021 0.182 2.12 0.033
IV 0.126 0.007 0.176 0.72 0.474
III −0.273 −0.016 0.165 −1.65 0.097
II −0.121 −0.007 0.167 −0.72 0.469
Alcohol Yes 0.563 0.038 0.107 5.24 <0.001
Cannabinoids Yes −0.260 −0.015 0.116 −2.25 0.024
Psychostimulants Yes −0.629 −0.021 0.210 −2.298 0.002
Sedatives Yes −2.357 −0.137 0.114 −20.54 <0.001
AIS Insomnia −3.142 −0.271 0.079 −39.41 <0.001
ESS Daytime sleepiness −1.331 −0.103 0.086 −15.56 <0.001

HDI—human development index; AIS—Athens insomnia scale; ESS—Epworth sleepiness scale; NG—Nagelkerke pseudo-R2; B—coefficient value of a given variable; SE—standard error; t—test value, p—statistical significance; statistically significant values are in bold with the significance level set at p < 0.05.