Table 1.
Relative risk of each outcome.
| Outcomes | Number of Studies | Number of Pregnancies (HCQ vs. Control) |
RR [95% CI] 1 | p Value | I2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High lupus activity | 4 | 137 vs. 330 | 0.74 [0.57, 0.97] | 0.03 | 0% | |
| IUGR | 10 | 538 vs. 844 | 0.80 [0.47, 1.35] | 0.46 | 52% | |
| SLE | 7 | 359 vs. 656 | 0.74 [0.40, 1.36] | 0.33 | 66% | |
| APS/aPLs | 3 | 179 vs. 188 | 1.26 [0.34, 4.61] | 0.73 | 0% | |
| Preeclampsia | 10 | 519 vs. 600 | 0.54 [0.37, 0.78] | 0.001 | 0% | |
| SLE | 7 | 340 vs. 412 | 0.51 [0.34, 0.78] | 0.002 | 0% | |
| APS/aPLs | 3 | 179 vs. 188 | 0.66 [0.29, 1.54] | 0.34 | 0% | |
1 Fixed-effect model was used if total I2 < 50% and random-effect model was used if total I2 > 50%. HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; IUGR: intrauterine growth restriction; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; APS: antiphospholipid syndrome; aPLs: antiphospholipid antibodies.