Table 2.
Individual phenolic compounds identified in lentisk extracts.
| Compounds Detected | Plant Part | Type of Extract | Analysis Method | Provenance of the Plant | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catechin β-glucogallin Quercitrin gallate |
Leaves | Methanolic extract | HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS | Algeria | [3] |
| Glucogallin, gallic acid, galloyl quinic acid digalloyl quinic acid, trigalloyl quinic acid |
Leaves | Ethanolic extract (maceration under stirrig) |
UHPLC-MS | Algeria | [43] |
| Gallic acid Catechin Syringic acid Ellagic acid Quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside Luteolin |
Leaves | Ethanolic extracts (maceration) |
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy HPLC-DAD |
Algeria | [44] |
| Myricetin-3-O-glucuronide Myricetin-3-O-glucoside Myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside Catechine |
Leaves | Hydro-methanolic extract (80%) | HPLC UV/Vis PDA | Croatia | [1] |
| Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives; Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives; Hydroxy cyclohexane carboxylic acid derivatives |
Leaves | Ethanolic extracts | LC-ESI-MS/MS | Egypt | [45] |
| Quinic acid derivatives 3,5-O-digalloyl quinic acid 3,4,5-O-trigalloyl quinic acid Luteolin-3-O-rutinoside Epicatechin-3-gallate Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide 5,7-dihydroxyflavone |
Leaves | Methanolic extract Solid-liquid “soxhlet” extraction |
UHPLC-ESI-MS | Egypt | [46] |
| Kaempferol Myricetin Quercetin Luteolin Genistein Taxifolin |
Leaves | Ethanolic extract | Reverse phase (HPLC)-UV/VIS array electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectrometry (MS) |
Israel | [47] |
| Galloyl derivatives Catechin |
Leaves | Hydro-ethanolic extract (7:3 v/v) | HPLC | Israel | [48] |
| Gallic acid and galloyl derivatives of glucose Galloyl derivatives of quinic acid Myricetin Quercetin glycosides: delphinidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside |
Leaves | Ethanolic extract | Semi-preparative HPLC HPLC-MS analysis with 1H- and 13C NMR. |
Italy | [49] |
| Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside |
Fruits | Methanolic extract | HPLC-DAD mass spectrometry (MS) |
Italy | [50] |
| Shikimic acid, quinic acid, acid derivatives, gallic acid, Glabrol, proanthocyanidin prodelphinidin B-4, (dimer of gallocatechin and epigallocathechin), catechin or epicatechin, epi)gallocatechin, (epi)catechin gallate, myricetin glycosides, myricetin derivatives, quercetin glycosides, quercetin O-galloylpentoside, kaempferol, luteolin |
Leaves | Methanolic fraction -from chlorformic extract by sonication | LC-ESI-MS/MS | Italy | [51] |
| Myricetin glucopyranoside Myricetin-3-O-rutinoside Quercetin-3,4-diglucoside Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside Quercetin-3-O-galattoside Myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside Myricetin-3-O-xylopyranoside Quercetin-3-O-glucoside |
Leaves/fruits | Aqueous extract (reflux heating) |
LC-MS | Italy | [52] |
| Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid isomer, caffeic acid, syringic acid isomer, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, rutin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside |
Edible fixed oil from fruits | Hydro-methanolic extract (methanol 80%, v/v) | UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD |
Italy | [53] |
| Gallic acid, tyrosol, hydroxyphenylacetic acid, Vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, methoxycinnamic acid, carnosic acid, salycilic acid, luteolin, kaempferol, naphtoresorcinol | Edible oil from fruits | Hydro-methanolic extract | HPLC-DAD/MSD | Tunisia | [54] |
| 1.5 or 3.5 Dicaffeoylquinic acid Ellagic acid Catechin Luteolin-7-glucosid Isoquercetin Kaempferol rutinoside Rutin |
Leaves | Aqueous extract (maceration uder magnetic agitation) |
HPLC-MS | Tunisia | [55] |
HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography; HPLC-DAD-MS: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–diode array detection (DAD)–mass spectrometry (MS) analysis; HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS: high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; HPLC-DAD: high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection analysis; HPLC UV/Vis PDA: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with UV/Vis PDA detector. ND: Not determined.