Table 3.
Summary of the study characteristics and the number and type of (un)rated outcomes of systematic reviews of nonrandomized studies (n = 18) that rated the outcome-specific certainty of evidence with GRADE.
| Author, Year | Intervention/Exposure | Number of Studies | Number of Participants | Number of Outcomes Rated (Number of Unrated Outcomes) | Number of Rated Comparisons | Outcomes Rated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mowat et al., 2016 [85] | The volume of surgeons in Gynecology surgery (low volume surgeons) | 14 | 741,760 | 22 | 1 | Total complications; Total complications adjusted OR; Total complications adjusted OR excluding gynecologic oncology; Intraoperative complications; Intraoperative complications adjusted OR; Intraoperative complications adjusted OR excluding gynecologic oncology; Postoperative complications; Postoperative complications adjusted OR; Postoperative adjusted OR excluding gynecologic oncology; Mortality; Medical complications; Operating time (mins); Transfusion; Estimated blood loss; Cystotomy; Ureteric Injury; Cystotomy or ureteric injury; Bowel injury; Vascular injury; Readmission; Reoperation; LOS > 2 days |
| Zafer et al., 2016 [86] | Semen washing followed by IUI, IVF, or IVF/ICSI. | 40 | 4257 couples | 1 | 1 | HIV seroconversion |
| Martins et al., 2016 [87] | Cleavage stage; blastocyst transfer. | 12 | 195,325 | 23 | 1 | Perinatal mortality; Birth defects; PTB (<37 w); VPTB (<32 w); LBW (<2.5 kg); VLBW (<1.5 kg); BW > 4.0 kg; BW > 4.5 kg; GA; LGA; PE/PIH; GDM; PP; PAb; PAc; PROM; APH; PPH; CS; Low Apgar 5 min; Miscarriage; Stillbirth; VT |
| Park et al., 2016 [88] | Corticosteroid Therapy | 17 | 3646 | 7 | 1 | Mortality before discharge; RDS; IVH; NEC; Chronic lung disease; ROP stages greater than 2; Neurologic impairment 18–22 month |
| Wang et al., 2017 [89] | Fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy in evaluation of suspicious breast lesions | 12 | 1802 | 2 | 1 | True positives; False negatives; True negatives; False positives |
| Meireles et al., 2017 [90] | Metformin | 19 | unclear | 3 | 1 | Atypical endometrial Hyperplasia; Biomarkers proliferation; Overall Survival |
| Berg et al., 2018 [101] | 3 (defibulation; antepartum defibulation; previous defibulation) | 62 | 5829 | 6 | 3 (defibulation vs. no defibulation; antepartum defibulation vs. intrapartum defibulation; previous defibulation vs. antenatal defibulation) | CS; episiotomy; 2nd degree tear; 3rd degree tear; 4th degree tear; 1 min Apgar < 7 |
| Cavoretto et al., 2018 [91] | IVF/ICSI | 15 | 61,677 | 2 | 1 | sPTB < 37 w; sPTB < 34 |
| Alviggi et al., 2018 [92] | blastocyst-embryo transfer | 14 | 197,275 | 8 | 1 | PTB < 37 w; LBW (<2500 g); VPTB < 32 w; VLBW (<1500 g); SGA; LGA; perinatal mortality and congenital anomaly |
| Cai et al., 2019 [93] | 3 (Rotating shiftwork, Fixed night shift, long working hours) | 62 | 196,989 | 7 | 1 | PTL; LBW; SGA; miscarriage; preeclampsia; gestational hypertension; IUGR |
| Haahr et al., 2019 [94] | Bacterial vaginosis | 12 | 2980 | 6 (2) | 1 | LBR; early spontaneous abortion rate; CPR; Biochemical pregnancy rate; Implantation rate; PTL < 37 w |
| Saccone et al., 2019 [95] | Interventional radiology | 15 | 958 | 4 | 1 | Estimated Blood Loss; Units of Packed red blood cells transfused; Blood Loss > 2.5 L; Red Blood Cells Transfused > 5 Units |
| Vermey et al., 2019 [96] | ART | 33 | 6,178,944 | 4 | 4 (ART vs. SC; non-ART (unspecified); non-ART (sub-fertile). FET-ART (frozen-embryo transfer) vs. SC) | Placenta preavia; placenta abruption; morbidly adherent placenta; abnormal cord insertion |
| Cai et al., 2020 [84] | Occupational activities | 80 | 853,149 | 13 | 1 | PTL (adjusted for confounders; unadjusted for confounders); LBW (adjusted for confounders; unadjusted for confounders); SGA (adjusted for confounders; unadjusted for confounders); Miscarriage (adjusted for confounders; unadjusted for confounders); Pre-eclampsia (adjusted for confounders; unadjusted for confounders); Gestational hypertension (adjusted for confounders; unadjusted for confounders); Intrauterine growth restriction |
| Backes et al., 2020 [97] | Resuscitation and intensive care | 31 | 2226 | 3 | 1 | Prevalence of survival; survival without major morbidity; prevalence of survival without moderate or severe neurologic impairment |
| Giorgione et al., 2020 [98] | Pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia | 15 | unclear | 2 | 1 | Incidence of hypertension after hypertensive disorders of pregnancies; incidence of hypertension after preeclampsia |
| Varghese et al., 2020 [99] | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 17 | 3249 | 8 | 1 | Overall complication; Flap losses (total and partial) in free-flap reconstruction; Flap losses (total and partial) for all autologous flaps (pedicled and free-flaps); Implant or Expander losses; Hematomas in all reconstructions; Seromas in all reconstructions; Wound complications in all reconstructions; Delay to adjuvant therapy |
| Joyeux et al., 2020 [100] | Open fetal surgery for spina bifida aperta | 17 | unclear | 13 | 1 | Maternal death; Postoperative death ≤ 7 d; Mean operation time (min); Technical failure; PPROM < 30 + 0 w; Delivery < 30 + 0 w; In utero complete reversal of HH; Any treatment at repair site; Additional recovery at repair site; Improved motor function at birth; Complete reversal of HH at 12 months; CSF diversion at 12 months; Improved motor function at 30 months |
Exposure: ART, Assisted reproduction technology; ICSI, intracytoplasmic; IUI, intrauterine insemination; IVF, in vitro fertilization. Outcome graded: APH, antepartum hemorrhage; BW, birth weight; CS, cesarean section; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CPR, Clinical pregnancy rate; FET-ART, frozen-embryo transfer; GA, gestational age; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HH, hindbrain herniation; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; IVH, Intraventricular hemorrhage, LBR, Live birth rate, LBW, low birth weight; LGA, Large for gestational age; LOS, Length of stay; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PAc, placenta accrete; PAb, placental abruption; PE, pre-eclampsia; PIH, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; PP, placenta previa; PPH, postpartum hemorrhage; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; PROM, preterm rupture of membranes; PTB, Preterm birth; PTL, Preterm delivery; PTL, Preterm delivery; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; SGA, Small for gestational age; SPTB, Spontaneous preterm birth; VLBW, very low birth weight; VPTB, very preterm birth; VT, vanishing twin.