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Dehydrating conditions favor the Z-conformation. Addition of dehydrating chemicals, such as salts, alcohols, and osmolytes favors the Z-conformation (green and blue, PDB: 4OCB [49]) over the right-handed A-RNA (red; PDB: 413D [48]) or B-DNA (cyan, PDB: 6CQ3) conformations due to the increased efficiency of hydrating the closely spaced phosphate backbones in the Z-conformation.
