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. 2023 Jan 3;16(1):74. doi: 10.3390/ph16010074

Table 1.

Pharmacokinetic interactions between lithium and other drugs (the effect via renal lithium clearance).

Increase in Lithium Concentration and Toxicity
(Decrease in Lithium Clearance)		 Decrease in Lithium Concentration
(Increase in Lithium Clearance)
Diuretics: thiazides, amiloride, spironolactone
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I):
captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril et al.
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB): losartan, valsartan
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID):
  • 1.

    indomethacin

  • 2.

    diclofenac

  • 3.

    piroxicam

  • 4.

    ibuprofen

 Xanthines: aminophylline, caffeine, theophylline
Calcium channel blockers: nifedipine, isradipine
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: acetazolamide
Osmotic diuretics: glucose, mannitol
Sodium bicarbonate