Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the total group and specified for the whey-, pea- and placebo supplemented group.
| Total Group n = 45 |
Whey Protein n = 15 |
Pea Protein n = 15 |
Placebo n = 15 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 70 ± 6 | 72 ± 5 | 69 ± 6 | 69 ± 6 |
| Male n (%) | 36 (80) | 12 (80) | 12 (80) | 12 (80) |
| Anthropometrics | ||||
| Body weight (kg) | 75.4 ± 13.9 | 73.9 ± 10.1 | 75.8 ± 16.3 | 76.4 ± 15.4 |
| Height (m) | 1.76 ± 0.09 | 1.76 ± 0.07 | 1.75 ± 0.10 | 1.76 ± 0.10 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 2.8 | 23.7 ± 2.2 | 24.6 ± 3.3 | 24.4 ± 2.9 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.97 ± 0.06 | 0.98 ± 0.07 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | 0.97 ± 0.07 |
| Skeletal muscle mass (%) | 42.5 ± 3.3 | 42.6 ± 3.9 | 41.5 ± 3.2 | 43.4 ± 3.3 |
| Dietary intake | ||||
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2078 ± 528 | 2153 ± 529 | 1960 ± 496 | 2123 ± 570 |
| Protein intake (g/kg/d) | 1.13 ± 0.33 | 1.16 ± 0.39 | 1.09 ± 0.31 | 1.15 ± 0.31 |
| Protein intake (en%) | 22.0 ± 4.7 | 21.8 ± 5.3 | 22.1 ± 3.9 | 22.0 ± 5.1 |
| Number of participants with a protein intake below 1.0 g/kg/d (n (%)) | 18 (40) | 5 (33) | 7 (47) | 6 (40) |
| Walking activity | ||||
| Cumulative walking distance last year (km) | 645 [1074] | 800 [1784] | 280 [520] | 820 [988] |
| Walking bout distance (km) | 24.3 ± 4.9 | 23.8 ± 5.4 | 23.0 ± 4.4 | 26.1 ± 4.8 |
| Walking bout duration bout (h) | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 4.8 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.0 |
Data are presented as number (with percentage between brackets) of participants, mean ± SD for parametric data or median with the IQR between square brackets for non-parametric data. Body Mass Index (BMI). Thepercentage skeletal muscle mass was calculated by (skeletal muscle mass/the participant’s bodyweight) × 100. (kg = kilogram; m = meter; m2 = square meter; g = gram, d = day; en% = energy percentage).