Fig. 5.

The effect of lockdowns on reported loneliness by socioeconomic background (ages 16–24) (defined by maternal education).

Notes. The figure shows OLS fixed-effect event study regressions of the probability of feeling lonely on the wave indicators relative to the pre-pandemic baseline; vertical lines represent 95% statistical confidence intervals. Estimates therefore reflect changes in the probability of feeling lonely in the last four weeks in the corresponding wave, relative to 2019. Sample size 1495 (of 1870 in baseline sample).