Table 1.
Characteristics of participants and blood glucose level by MEDAS score.
| MEDAS score | pabc | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low 0–3 | Medium 4–6 | Good 7–14 | ||
| n = 54 (16.1) | n = 188 (56.1) | n = 93 (27.8) | ||
| Sex | 0.371b | |||
| Female | 37 (68.5) | 109 (58.0) | 55 (59.1) | |
| Male | 17 (31.5) | 79 (42.0) | 38 (40.9) | |
| Age (years) | 55.07 ± 10.65 | 53.78 ± 11.08 | 51.75 ± 10.02 | 0.156a |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.02 ± 3.91 | 24.22 ± 3.21 | 23.19 ± 3.44 | 0.060a |
| Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 5 (9.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.3) | < 0.001b |
| Normal (18.5–23.9 kg/m2) | 20 (37.7) | 101 (53.7) | 59 (64.1) | |
| Overweight (24.0–26.9 kg/m2) | 17 (32.1) | 54 (28.7) | 13 (14.1) | |
| Obese (> 27.0 kg/m2) | 11 (20.8) | 33 (17.6) | 16 (17.4) | |
| Energy (kcal) | 1573.03 ± 549.50 | 1432.39 ± 545.54 | 1438.02 ± 480.18 | 0.212a |
| Protein (g) | 56.44 ± 21.08 | 53.26 ± 24.18 | 56.11 ± 23.36 | 0.516a |
| Fat (g) | 56.31 ± 34.53 | 63.79 ± 56.07 | 66.15 ± 85.73 | 0.651a |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 230.70 ± 120.82 | 260.73 ± 194.93 | 334.68 ± 304.88 | 0.009a |
| Fiber (g) | 3.93 ± 2.71 | 3.63 ± 3.90 | 25.16 ± 164.72 | 0.131a |
| Cholesterol (mg) | 260.86 ± 218.03 | 209.15 ± 192.06 | 258.18 ± 184.55 | 0.068a |
| Simple sugar (g) | 4.00 ± 7.22 | 2.87 ± 6.59 | 12.24 ± 36.16 | 0.001a |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 4.24 ± 2.90 | 4.72 ± 3.51 | 13.26 ± 66.35 | 0.131a |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) | 0.94 ± 0.71 | 0.76 ± 0.59 | 10.71 ± 95.20 | 0.272a |
| Folic acid (μg) | 0.08 ± 0.56 | 2.42 ± 11.66 | 9.35 ± 30.37 | 0.003a |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 96.43 ± 90.22 | 104.67 ± 95.35 | 127.36 ± 99.37 | 0.097a |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (mg) | 1.02 ± 3.79 | 31.61 ± 174.18 | 64.26 ± 215.02 | 0.093a |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (mg) | 14.81 ± 51.29 | 74.90 ± 317.87 | 167.81 ± 357.16 | 0.008a |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Low intensity | 14 (25.9) | 57 (30.3) | 56 (60.2) | < 0.001b |
| Moderate intensity | 40 (74.1) | 131 (69.7) | 37 (39.8) | |
| Blood glucose level | ||||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 106.51 ± 11.20 | 106.44 ± 20.56 | 91.19 ± 8.18 | < 0.001c |
| Normal (< 100) | 7 (14.3) | 47 (31.3) | 41 (95.3) | |
| Abnormal (100–125) | 42 (85.7) | 103 (68.7) | 2 (4.7) | |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 5.88 ± 0.46 | 5.78 ± 0.61 | 5.43 ± 0.40 | 0.001c |
| Normal (< 5.7) | 12 (32.4) | 49 (40.8) | 28 (71.8) | |
| Abnormal (5.7–6.4) | 25 (67.6) | 71 (59.2) | 11 (28.2) | |
One-way analysis of avariables (continuous variables) or bChi-squared tests (categorical variables). cCrude linear regression model.
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables. MEDAS Mediterranean diet adherence screener, BMI Body Mass Index.