Table 2.

Functional terms representative of the results of the functional enrichment analyses.

	Pathway identifier	Pathway name	Female gene ratio	Female FDR	Male gene ratio	Male FDR
Females	hsa04061	Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor	3/17	7.42e−02	1/283	9.93e−01
	hsa04062	Chemokine signaling pathway	3/17	1.71e−01	9/283	7.23e−01
	R-HSA-380108	Chemokine receptors bind chemokines	3/25	8.00e−02	–	–
	GO:0045236	CXCR chemokine receptor binding	2/35	1.62e−01	–	–
	GO:0006470	Protein dephosphorylation	5/34	2.25e−01	16/547	8.43e−01
Males	GO:0016469	Proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex	–	–	8/557	4.82e−02
	hsa00020a	Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)	–	–	7/283	1.68e−02
	hsa04721	Synaptic vesicle cycle	–	–	12/283	4.30e−03
	hsa00190	Oxidative phosphorylation	1/17	3.60e−01	14/283	1.44e−02
	GO:0047496	Vesicle transport along microtubule	–	–	9/547	3.55e−02

For each gender, only the differentially expressed genes that are either gender-specific or gender-dimorphic are kept. The enrichment analysis was performed using a classical threshold-based approach. For each functional term, the results for both male and female analyses are displayed when available.

Gene ratio the number of DEGs annotated with the specific ontology term/the number of DEGs annotated with any term of that ontology, FDR false discovery rate, dashes indicate missing data.

^aPathway whose enrichment depends on genes with a potential confounder variable association (PMI/RIN), see details in Supplementary Note 2.