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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Vet Ophthalmol. 2022 Jul 22;26(2):161–168. doi: 10.1111/vop.13012

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Sagittal (A) and dorsal (B) views of digital 3D models of the right hemimaxilla with the turbinates removed and an image of modified 3D printed model (C). The NL duct (blue) was segmented and the central line (red) with control points was established. The NL duct was partially obstructed between points 9 and 10. The NL duct was angled (110°) between points 11 and 13 in the sagittal plane (A) followed by another notable angle change between points 8 and 11 next to tooth roots in the transverse plane (B). Points 1 and 18 indicate the nasal and the superior puncta, respectively. Normograde stenting with 4–0 nylon (red arrow) failed caudal to the canine tooth root in the 3D printed model (C). c – caudal; r – rostral; ct – canine tooth; d – dorsal; l – lateral; m – medial; r – rostral; v – ventral.