Table 2.
Unadjusted Outcomes by Pandemic
| Characteristic | Before Pandemic | During Pandemic | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operative mortality | 659 (2.18) | 215 (2.87) | <.001 |
| Major morbiditya | 3392 (11.20) | 817 (10.92) | .485 |
| STS failure to rescueb | 479 (14.4) | 144 (18) | .011 |
| Prolonged ventilation | 2673 (8.83) | 648 (8.66) | .647 |
| Postoperative renal failure | 752 (2.48) | 240 (3.21) | <.001 |
| Reoperation, any cause | 867 (2.86) | 216 (2.89) | .914 |
| Permanent stroke | 386 (1.27) | 90 (1.20) | .617 |
| Postoperative dialysis | 506 (1.67) | 184 (2.46) | <.001 |
| Readmission | 2932 (9.68) | 659 (8.81) | .021 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 6899 (22.78) | 1934 (25.84) | <.001 |
| Cardiac arrest | 536 (1.77) | 147 (1.96) | .259 |
| Deep sternal wound infection | 98 (0.32) | 24 (0.32) | .968 |
| Surgical site infectionc | 428 (1.41) | 113 (1.51) | .529 |
| Deep vein thrombus/PE | 376 (1.24) | 79 (1.06) | .187 |
| Pneumonia | 676 (2.23) | 222 (2.97) | <.001 |
| Non-home discharge | 7092 (23.42) | 1161 (15.51) | <.001 |
| Total intensive care unit stay, h | 48 (26-86.9) | 66.53 (35.5-102) | <.001 |
| Length of stay,d d | 6 (4-8) | 6 (5-8) | <.001 |
| Total cost, USD | 35,209 (27,742-46,652) | 40,236 (32,077-53,538) | <.001 |
Values are n (%) or median (interquartile range).
PE, pulmonary embolism.
a
Major morbidity defined as permanent stroke, postoperative renal failure, prolonged ventilation, deep sternal wound infection, or reoperation.
b
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) failure to rescue is death after prolonged ventilation, permanent stroke, reoperation, or renal failure.
c
Non–deep sternal wound infection.
d
Surgery to discharge.