Table 3:
Results of Multivariable Linear Regression Models† for Secondary Outcomes, HIV Stigma z-score (N=186) and Substance Use Stigma z-score (N=201)
| HIV Stigma z-score (n=186) | Substance Use Stigma z-score (n=201) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | β | (95% CI) | p-value | β | (95%CI) | p-value |
| Prior Incarceration History | −0.50 | (−0.81,−0.19) | 0.002 | −0.10 | (−0.42,0.21) | 0.52 |
| Age (years) | −0.02 | (−0.05,0.01) | 0.13 | 0.01 | (−0.02,0.04) | 0.59 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 0.03 | (−0.30, 0.37) | 0.84 | 0.03 | (−0.31, 0.37) | 0.87 |
| Male | (ref.) | (ref.) | ||||
| Married or Living with Partner | 0.09 | (−0.20, 0.37) | 0.54 | −0.12 | (−0.41, 0.16) | 0.40 |
| Employment over past year | ||||||
| Full-time employment, student, or homemaker | 0.16 | (−0.13,0.44) | 0.28 | 0.06 | (−0.22,0.33) | 0.69 |
| Other‡ | (ref.) | (ref.) | ||||
| Income, rubles/month | ||||||
| 0–20,000 | −0.18 | (−0.50, 0.13) | 0.25 | 0.14 | (−0.17, 0.45) | 0.39 |
| >20,000 | (ref.) | (ref.) | ||||
| Ran out of money for necessities in past 12 months | −0.01 | (−0.29,0.27) | 0.97 | −0.17 | (−0.45,0.11) | 0.23 |
| Years since HIV diagnosis | 0.01 | (−0.01,0.03) | 0.34 | −0.01 | (−0.04,0.01) | 0.22 |
| High risk alcohol use (AUDIT score ≥8) | −0.03 | (−0.31,0.26) | 0.86 | −0.14 | (−0.42,0.14) | 0.31 |
| Moderate/severe depression symptoms (CES-D ≥16) | 0.41 | (0.03,0.78) | 0.03 | 0.08 | (−0.28,0.45) | 0.66 |
| Moderate/severe anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥10) | −0.02 | (−0.35,0.31) | 0.90 | 0.24 | (−0.08,0.56) | 0.15 |
| VR-12 Physical Component Score (PCS) | 0.0004 | (−0.01,0.01) | 0.95 | −0.01 | (−0.02,0.01) | 0.25 |
| VR-12 Mental Component Score (MCS) | −0.02 | (−0.03,−0.01) | 0.007 | −0.01 | (−0.03,0.00) | 0.07 |
Abbreviations: ART = antiretroviral therapy; AUDIT = Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (standard 20-item version); GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (standard 7-item); VR-12 = Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey.
Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for all variables in the table: age, gender, marital status, employment status, income, lack of money for basic necessities, years since initial HIV diagnosis, alcohol use, depression, anxiety, and VR-12 PCS and MCS.
Employment status for most of the past year compared those who reported being full-time employed, homemaker, or student to those who reported part-time employment, unemployed, disabled, or retired.