Table 1.
Characteristics at index date for the PAH group and the control group
| PAH (n = 749) | Control (n = 3745) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age mean years (SD) | 62 (16) | 62 (16) | 0.984 |
| Sex female | 64% | 64% | 1.00 |
| Highest education level attained | <0.001 | ||
| Primary school | 30% | 27% | |
| Secondary school | 50% | 46% | |
| University (minimum 2 years) | 21% | 27% | |
| Missing values (n) | 77 | 69 | |
| Main source of incomea | <0.001 | ||
| Work | 15% | 34% | |
| Disability pension | 15% | 3% | |
| Age pension | 55% | 56% | |
| Sickness benefit | 7% | 1% | |
| Otherb | 8% | 6% | |
| Missing values (n) | 55 | 25 | |
| Disposable annual income, median (IQR), SEK | 164,404 (95,912) | 187,347 (137,021) | <0.001 |
| Disposable annual family income, median (IQR), SEK | 278,392 (255,181) | 318,886 (318,471) | <0.001 |
| Cohabitation | 50% | 55% | 0.024 |
| Proportion with children living at home | 17% | 23% | 0.001 |
| Comorbidities present at any time during the 5‐years before index date (ICD‐10c) | |||
| Essential (primary) hypertension (I10) | 31% | 13% | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (E10‐E14) | 15% | 5% | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation and flutter (I48) | 13% | 4% | <0.001 |
| Stroke (I61, I63, I64) | 2% | 1% | 0.382 |
| Ischemic heart diseases (I20−I25) | 12% | 5% | <0.001 |
| Disorders of thyroid gland (E00−E07) | 9% | 3% | <0.001 |
| Acute kidney failure and chronic kidney disease (N17−N19) | 6% | 1% | <0.001 |
| Dialysis (Z49) | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.114 |
Note: Data presented as mean (SD), proportion (%), or number (n).
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD, standard deviation.
a
During the (calendar) year of diagnosis.
b
Other: Student grants, reimbursement due to care of family member, unemployment benefits, unemployment program/training reimbursement, social security benefits, no known income.
c
ICD‐10‐SE, the National Board of Health and Welfare classifications of diseases. 30