Table 3.
Adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), obesity and measures of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Exit Survey.
| Stressor domains | Total number of stressors (n = 22,052) | Perceived consequences of the pandemic (n = 21,396) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health (n = 22,052) | Resources (n = 22,052) | Relationships (n = 22,052) | Caregiving (n = 22,052) | |||
| Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | |
| Number of ACEs | ||||||
| 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1 | 1.17 (1.11, 1.23) | 1.08 (1.02, 1.13) | 1.07 (1.02, 1.12) | 1.09 (1.01, 1.18) | 1.10 (1.07, 1.13) | 1.08 (1.00, 1.15) |
| 2 | 1.22 (1.15, 1.30) | 1.17 (1.10, 1.24) | 1.11 (1.05, 1.16) | 1.13 (1.03, 1.24) | 1.15 (1.11, 1.19) | 1.08 (0.99, 1.18) |
| 3 | 1.38 (1.28, 1.48) | 1.30 (1.22, 1.40) | 1.15 (1.08, 1.22) | 1.22 (1.09, 1.36) | 1.25 (1.20, 1.31) | 1.22 (1.10, 1.36) |
| 4–8 | 1.39 (1.30, 1.49) | 1.53 (1.43, 1.63) | 1.24 (1.17, 1.32) | 1.44 (1.20, 1.59) | 1.38 (1.33, 1.44) | 1.32 (1.19, 1.47) |
| Obesity | ||||||
| Stressor domains | Total number of stressors (n = 21,932) | Perceived consequences of the pandemic (n = 21,301) | ||||
| Health (n = 21,932) | Resources (n = 21,932) | Relationships (n = 21,932) | Caregiving (n = 21,932) | |||
| Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 RR (95% CI) | |
| Normal weight | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Overweight | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) | 1.05 (1.00, 1.11) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) | 0.97 (0.95, 1.00) |
| Obesity class I | 1.13 (1.07, 1.20) | 1.21 (1.14, 1.28) | 1.04 (0.99, 1.09) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) | 1.11 (1.07, 1.15) | 0.97 (0.94, 1.00) |
| Obesity class II | 1.14 (1.04, 1.23) | 1.31 (1.22, 1.42) | 1.03 (0.96, 1.10) | 1.12 (0.98, 1.26) | 1.14 (1.09, 1.20) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) |
| Obesity class III | 1.25 (1.12, 1.39) | 1.38 (1.25, 1.53) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) | 1.08 (0.91, 1.27) | 1.19 (1.12, 1.27) | 1.05 (1.00, 1.11) |
Adjusted for sex, age group, racial background, physical activity, household income, alcohol consumption and depression.
CI confidence intervals, RR relative risk.