CTB-conjugated antigens induce enhanced IL-12p40 secretion in vitro. Shown is IL-12p40 production by antigen-specific TCR-transgenic T cells following incubation with antigen-pulsed APC. (A through C) Data are expressed as concentrations of IL-12p40 in 48-h culture supernatants obtained with different concentrations of HA peptide (□), chemical CTB-HA peptide (■), and genetic CTB55-63HAp (●) using DC (A), B cells (B), or Mφ (C) as APC. (D through F) IL-12p40 production by OVA-specific TCR-transgenic T cells following incubation with antigen-pulsed DC (D), B cells (E), or Mφ (F). Data are expressed as concentrations of IL-12p40 in 48-h culture supernatants obtained with different concentrations of OVA (◊), CTB-OVA (⧫), OVA peptide (▿), and CTB::OVAp (▾). Data represent one of two experiments using 105 purified T cells with 105 APC.