TABLE 2.
Univariate analysis of risk factors for POAF in the training/validation cohort.
| Characteristic | POAF (n = 16) | Non-POAF (n = 49) | P-value |
| Gender (n,%) | 0.065 | ||
| Male | 7 (43.8) | 34 (69.4) | |
| Female | 9 (56.3) | 15 (30.6) | |
| Age (years) | 55.5 (50.3, 62.3) | 50.0 (39.5, 60.0) | 0.073 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 4.1 | 24.1 ± 3.8 | 0.522 |
| Smoking history (n,%) | 1 (6.3) | 14 (28.6) | 0.134 |
| Resting heart rate (bmp) | 87.1 ± 19.2 | 81.1 ± 15.0 | 0.196 |
| 6MWD (m) | 388.0 (333.0, 450.0) | 400.0 (300.0, 473.8) | 0.790 |
| WHO functional class (n,%) | 0.638 | ||
| I | 1 (6.3) | 1 (2.0) | |
| II | 8 (50.0) | 25 (51.0) | |
| III | 6 (37.5) | 16 (32.7) | |
| IV | 1 (6.3) | 7 (14.3) | |
| Comorbidity (n,%) | |||
| Hypertension | 3 (18.8) | 9 (18.4) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 (6.3) | 1 (2.0) | 0.990 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1 (6.3) | 6 (12.2) | 0.836 |
| Dyslipidemia | 3 (18.8) | 8 (16.3) | 1.000 |
| Hematologic examination | |||
| WBC (×109/L) | 6.1 (4.5, 7.6) | 5.3 (4.7, 6.6) | 0.180 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 3.1 (2.5, 13.7) | 3.0 (2.5, 4.1) | 0.476 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 0.528 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.6 ± 1.3 | 3.8 ± 1.4 | 0.779 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 479.0 (61.0, 978.0) | 551.0 (115.0, 1,437.0) | 0.500 |
| Echocardiogram | |||
| LA diameter (mm) | 35.3 ± 4.7 | 34.1 ± 4.7 | 0.391 |
| LV diameter (mm) | 43.3 ± 6.2 | 41.8 ± 5.1 | 0.345 |
| LVEF (%) | 67.5 (65.3, 73.5) | 69.0 (63.0, 73.0) | 0.920 |
| RA diameter (mm) | 47.0 (40.0, 55.0) | 49.5 (43.0, 61.3) | 0.356 |
| RV diameter (mm) | 44.5 (39.5, 49.8) | 47.5 (43.0, 53.8) | 0.142 |
| Right cardiac catheterization | |||
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 1.8 (1.4, 2.3) | 1.8 (1.5, 2.2) | 1.000 |
| RA pressure (mmHg) | 7.5 (6.0, 11.3) | 8.0 (5.0, 12.0) | 0.669 |
| RV pressure (mmHg) | 24.6 ± 7.0 | 26.1 ± 7.3 | 0.477 |
| Mean PA pressure (mmHg) | 38.1 ± 9.8 | 42.7 ± 11.6 | 0.151 |
| PVR (dyn⋅s⋅cm–5) | 619.8 (413.0, 1,308.5) | 881.2 (590.4, 1,071.9) | 0.285 |
| EAT volume (ml) | 127.2 (78.3, 170.6) | 89.0 (67.8, 117.2) | 0.059 |
| EAT radiodensity (HU) | −96.4 ± 5.4 | −94.9 ± 4.4 | 0.261 |
EAT, epicardial adipose tissue; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PA, pulmonary artery; POAF, postoperative atrial fibrillation; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; WBC, white blood cell; WHO, World Health Organization; 6MWD, 6-min walking distance.