Table 1.

MSC-EXOs as miRNAs delivery system in cancer

MSC-EXOs	Type of cancer	miRNAs	miRNAs function	Route of administration	Explain	References
AD-MSC-EXOs	Bladder cancer	miR-138-5p	Tumor suppressor	Subcutaneous injections	This method is an efficient delivery carrier for small molecule medications in vivo, and EXOs-carried miR-138-5p is a hopeful curative factor for BC therapy	[166]
BM-MSC-EXOs	Liver cancer	miR-205–5p	Tumor suppressor	Subcutaneously injected	This technique has inhibitory efficacy on the development of liver cancer via controlling CDKL3	[121]
hUC-MSC-EXOs	Hepatoma	miR-451a	Tumor suppressor	–	HUC-MSC-EXOs miR-451a suppressed ADAM10 to inhibit the chemotherapy resistance, cell cycle transition, proliferation, cancer cell development, and progression, and increase apoptosis of Hepatoma cells	[167]
hUC-MSC-EXOs	Wilms tumor	miR-15a-5p	Tumor suppressor	Subcutaneously injected	This miRNA delivered via hUC-MSCs-Exo downregulates SEPT2 expression and inhibits WT cell development in vivo and in vitro	[168]
AD-MSC-EXOs	Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)	miR-381-3p	Tumor suppressor	–	EXOs-miR-381 suppressed the growth, migration, and invasion malignancy of breast cancer cells and increased their apoptosis in vitro	[122]
BM-MSC-EXOs	Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)	miR-7-5p	Tumor suppressor	Injected via a tail vein	Exo-miR-7-5p downregulates OSBPL11 via inhibiting the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thus suppressing AML growth and increasing apoptosis	[123]
BM-MSC-EXOs	Breast cancer	LNA-anti-miR-142	OncomiRs	Intravenous injection	BM-MSC-EXOs can successfully transport anti-miR-142-3p to decrease the miR-142-3p and miR-150 rates and enhance the transcription of the regulative target genes (APC and P2X7R)	[169]
DP-MSC-EXOs	Breast carcinoma cells	miR-34a	Tumor suppressor	–	Genetically altered DP-MSCs were able to discharge of EXOs enriched with curative miRNAs and offered the possibility of use of EXO-based carrier for gene distribution	[170]
BM-MSC-EXOs	Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)	miR-let-7c	Tumor suppressor	–	These miRNAs can be effectively loaded into BM-MSC-EXOs. Therapy without carrier or MSC-EXOs-entrapped miR-let-7c led to remarkable decreases in cell proliferation and development in CRPC cells	[124]
BM-MSC-EXOs	Glioma	miR-146b	Tumor suppressor	Intratumoral injection	Administration of an intratumoral dose of 50 μg miR-146 loaded in BM-MSC-EXOs remarkably decreased glioma xenograft development in rat brains	[125]
BM-MSC-EXOs	Glioblastoma Multiforme	miR-9	OncomiRs	–	To inhibit miR-9, techniques were created with Cy5-tagged anti-miR-9. This method leads to enhanced apoptosis and caspase action	[171]