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. 2023 Jan 9;10:1118762. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1118762

Table 1.

Acoustic waves produced by a 5 ns pulse of 1.06 μm infrared energy from a commercial Nd:YAG laser incident on a fluid with acoustic properties similar to those of tissue.

Energy penetration depth L mm Pulse width (ns) Assumed energy density absorbed in the head, J/m2 Incremental temperature rise at the tissue surface after each pulse (μK) Peak pressure increase, Pa (dB re 20 μPa) Peak acoustic frequency (kHz)
3.5 5 1 76 28 (123) 68

Calculations based on (3).