The function of miR-212-3p is associated with the regulation of hepatic FGF21. (A and B) miR-212-3p mimics the effects of exercise on MAFLD by regulating the FGF21 pathway, but not CHD1. (C) The inhibition of miR-212-3p suppresses lipogenesis, whereas the overexpression of miR-212-3p promotes lipogenesis. (D-I) Protein quantification of FGF21, EGR1, CHD1, p-ERK1/2, FASN and CPT1α. (J) Relative mRNA levels of FASN, CPT1α and EGR1. (K) Serum ELISA levels of FGF21. (L) Immunohistochemistry of FGF21. The positive areas are marked by triangles. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001. NS, not significant; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor 21; CHD1, chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1; EGR1, early growth response 1; FASN, fatty acid synthase; CPT1α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α; HFD, high-fat diet; HE, high-fat diet and exercise; SP, serotype (mice that received the tail vein injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 gene vectors).