Table 1.

Type and prevalence of sleep disturbance.

No	Reference	Type of sleep disturbance	Evaluation time after onset of COVID-19	Prevalence
1.	Xu et al. (19)	Insomnia	2 weeks	26.45% of 121
2.	Zhang et al. (20)	Poor sleep (unspecified)	3 weeks	55.6% of 135
3.	Huynh et al. (21)	Insomnia	2–4 weeks	34.5% of 325
4.	Lorenzo et al. (22)	Insomnia	3–4 weeks	27.6% of 195
5.	Mazza et al. (23)	Insomnia	4 weeks	40% of 402
6.	Ng et al. (24)	Sleep disturbance (unspecified)	4 weeks	77.7% of 18
7.	Halpin et al. (25)	Obstructive sleep apnea	4–8 weeks	15.3% of 100
8.	Kalamara et al. (26)	Insomnia	4 weeks 12 weeks 24 weeks	56.5% 53.5% 39.2%
9.	Buensenso et al. (27)	Insomnia	4–20 weeks 24–36 weeks ≥48 weeks	9.3% of 355 5.7% of 157 5.2% of 154
10.	Islam et al. (16)	Sleep disturbance (unspecified)	8 weeks	35% of 322
11.	Arnold et al. (28)	Insomnia	8–12 weeks	24% of 110
12.	Pellitteri et al. (29)	Insomnia	8 weeks 40 weeks	19.1% of 47 27.3% of 44
13.	Magdy et al. (30)	Insomnia	12 weeks	Migraine patient: 23.5% of 204 Non-migraine patient: 12.3% of 204
14.	Moy et al. (31)	Insomnia	>12 weeks >24 weeks 48 weeks	8 of 126 19% of 60 45% of 60
15.	Alkodaymi et al. (32)	Sleep disorder (unspecified)	12–24 weeks 24–36 weeks 36–48 weeks >48 weeks	24% of 257,248 29% of 257,248 0% 30% of 257,248
16.	Sayed et al. (4)	Insomnia	16 weeks	32% of 500
17.	Mattioli et al. (33)	Insomnia	16 weeks	6.6% of 120
18.	Labarca et al. (34)	Obstructive sleep apnea	16 weeks	61.6% of 60
19.	Taquet et al. (35)	Insomnia	24 weeks	5.42% of 236,379
21.	Huang et al. (36)	Sleep disturbance (unspecified)	24 weeks	26% of 1,655
22.	Elkan et al. (37)	Sleep disturbance (unspecified)	36 weeks	8% of 66
23.	Davis et al. (2)	Insomnia Night sweats Awakened feeling unable to breathe Restless legs Sleep apnea Vivid dreams Nightmares Lucid dreams	N/A	60% 41% 36% 18% 10% 33% 26% 15%