Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Dec 23;324(2):H212–H225. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2022

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Published by the American Physiological Society.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 3. — Diabetes caused greater poststroke NVU remodeling and BBB disruption but not vasoregression in female rats. DFX and diabetes effects are indicated by # and ^, respectively. Any interaction is indicated by a letter. A: representative images of FITC-filled vasculature acquired from the ipsilateral cortex. There was no difference between control and diabetic female rats treated with vehicle. DFX treatment lowered vascular volume (B) and surface area (C) both in the cortex and striatum in both control and diabetic groups (^#P < 0.01). Comparison of female diabetic rats to male diabetic animals from our previously published work showed an interaction indicating DFX effects both sexes differently (B and C, insets). D: there was a trend for DFX increasing branch density in the cortex of diabetic rats with no effect in controls (^aP = 0.07). There was no difference among groups in the striatum. Comparison of male and female diabetic rats showed a clear treatment effect in both sexes (D, inset). E: unpolarized AQP4 was increased in untreated diabetic animals, suggesting NVU remodeling in both cortex and striatum. DFX lowered this index only in diabetic rats resulting in a disease by treatment interaction (^bP = 0.005). DFX was effective in both sexes (E, inset). F: IgG staining was greater in diabetic rats in both cortex (^P < 0.003) and striatum (^P < 0.01). DFX lowered IgG staining in the cortex in both control and diabetic animals (^#P < 0.003). In the striatum, there was a diabetes and DFX interaction resulting from DFX increasing IgG staining in controls and lowering it in diabetics (^cP = 0.003). DFX was effective in both sexes (F, inset). BBB disruption was seen in diabetes + vehicle animals, whereas DFX prevented both (E and F). Results are shown as means ± SE and scattered graphs with individual data points. All panels were analyzed two-way ANOVA. BBB, blood-brain barrier; C, control; D, diabetes; DFX, deferoxamine; F, female; M, male; NVU, neurovascular unit; Veh, vehicle.