Table 2.
Phthalate metabolite concentrations in 1999/2000, overall and by obesity status
| Overall (N = 1369) |
Normal/under-weight (N = 502) |
Overweight (N = 407) |
Obese (N = 460) |
p-valueb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Phthalate metabolitea | N (%) detected | Median (Q1, Q3) |
Median (Q1, Q3) |
Median (Q1, Q3) |
Median (Q1, Q3) |
|
| Low-molecular-weight (LMW) phthalate metabolites | MEP (ng/mL) | 1368 (99.9%) | 81.8 (36.42, 210.47) |
68.99 (33.16, 148.83) |
72.63 (33.78, 185.69) |
106.72 (47.89, 292.99) |
<0.0001 |
| MnBP (ng/mL) | 1369 (100%) | 18.5 (11.69, 32.79) |
17.32 (10.42, 27.61) |
19.34 (11.74, 34.58) |
19.27 (13.04, 36.36) |
0.0003 | |
| MiBP (ng/mL) | 1342 (98%) | 2.61 (1.55, 4.48) |
2.53 (1.5, 4.26) |
2.68 (1.5, 4.68) |
2.64 (1.66, 4.5) |
0.39 | |
| ∑LMW phthalatesc (nmol/mL) | -- | 0.57 (0.29, 1.31) |
0.50 (0.26, 0.94) |
0.52 (0.27, 1.2) |
0.72 (0.37, 1.77) |
<0.0001 | |
| Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites | MEHP (ng/mL) | 1156 (84.4%) | 3.07 (1.59, 6.03) |
2.98 (1.5, 6.04) |
3.13 (1.71, 5.72) |
3.11 (1.6, 6.41) |
0.68 |
| MEHHP (ng/mL) | 1368 (99.9%) | 16.13 (8.5, 30.51) |
13.08 (6.85, 26.6) |
15.29 (7.85, 29.91) |
19.48 (11.2, 38.06) |
<0.0001 | |
| MEOHP (ng/mL) | 1367 (99.9%) | 9.63 (5.17, 18.68) |
8.05 (4.19, 16) |
8.93 (4.7, 18.02) |
11.36 (6.69, 21.87) |
<0.0001 | |
| MECPP (ng/mL) | 1369 (100%) | 16.85 (9.82, 31.33) |
14.01 (8.43, 26.31) |
15.70 (9.54, 29.48) |
20.52 (12.75, 38.12) |
<0.0001 | |
| ∑DEHPd (nmol/mL) |
-- | 0.16 (0.09, 0.29) |
0.13 (0.08, 0.26) |
0.15 (0.08, 0.28) |
0.19 (0.11, 0.38) |
<0.0001 | |
| Other High-molecular-weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites | MBzP (ng/mL) | 1366 (99.8%) | 10.43 (5.8, 18.53) |
8.78 (4.66, 15.64) |
10.00 (5.87, 17.23) |
12.28 (7.49, 21.7) |
<0.0001 |
| MCOP (ng/mL) | 1365 (99.7%) | 4.41 (2.62, 7.88) |
3.66 (2.37, 6.63) |
4.40 (2.63, 6.93) |
5.38 (3.22, 9.61) |
<0.0001 | |
| MCNP (ng/mL) | 1365 (99.7%) | 2.69 (1.52, 5.01) |
2.19 (1.31, 4.07) |
2.41 (1.41, 4.32) |
3.66 (1.99, 6.16) |
<0.0001 | |
| MCPP (ng/mL) | 1351 (98.7%) | 2.65 (1.7, 4.27) |
2.47 (1.55, 4.07) |
2.57 (1.62, 3.95) |
2.94 (2.01, 4.71) |
<0.0001 | |
| ∑HMW phthalatese (nmol/mL) |
-- | 0.27 (0.16, 0.47) |
0.23 (0.13, 0.4) |
0.25 (0.16, 0.47) |
0.31 (0.2, 0.55) |
<0.0001 | |
a
All phthalate metabolites were adjusted for hydration using the “covariate-adjusted creatinine standardization” method. Median and the 1st (“Q1”) and 3rd (“Q3”) quartiles are reported.
b
p-values were obtained from Kruskal-Wallis tests.
c
∑LMW phthalates: molar sum of low-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites, including MEP, MnBP, and MiBP.
d
∑DEHP: molar sum of DEHP metabolites, including MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, and MECPP.
e
∑HMW phthalates: molar sum of MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, MBzP, MCOP, MCNP, and MCPP