Table 1.
Main Features of the 45 Identified CDSSs
| CDSS n = 45 in 48 Studies | Name | Country of Use | Care Procedures | Targeted Health Issues |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North America | ||||
| Alagiakrishnan et al,36 2016 | SMART-CDS | Canada | Prevention (iatrogenesis) | Adaption of medication to renal function from the patient’s EHR |
| Ash et al38 2011 | USA | Diagnosis, Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Drug-drug, drug-condition, and drug-allergy interaction checking, patient care plan dashboard with reminders, nearly 3,000 condition specific point-and-click templates for documentation | |
| Curry et al42 2011 | Decision Support Server | Canada | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Prescription of diagnostic imaging |
| Dixon et al43 2013 | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering), Management of chronic disease(s) | Diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, coronary artery disease | |
| Doerr et al44 2014 | My Family | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Cancer risk management |
| Edelman et al45 2014 | The Pregnancy and Health Profile (PHP) | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Prenatal genetic screening |
| Feldstein et al46 2013 | Patient Panel-Support Tool (PST) | USA | Prevention (iatrogenesis, disease, test ordering), Management of chronic disease | Graphically displays ‘‘care gaps’’ (eg, for screening, medication use, monitoring, risk-factor control, vaccination) |
| Guenter et al47 2019 | McMaster Pain Assistant (MPA) | Canada | Diagnosis, Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Neuropathic pain |
| Jenssen et al51 2016 | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) |
Smoking cessation | |
| Kempe et al52 2017 | Immunization information systems | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Vaccination |
| Lam Shin Cheung et al54 2020 | eAMS | Canada | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination), Management of chronic disease(s) | Asthma |
| Lemke et al55 2020 | GWA | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Genetic risk assessment |
| Litvin et al. (2012) | ABX-TRIP CDSS | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering), Diagnosis, Therapeutics (prescribing) | Acute respiratory infections |
| Litvin et al56 2016 | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Identification and management of chronic kidney disease | |
| Minian et al62 2021 | Canada | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Alcohol cessation | |
| Montini et al63 2013 | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) |
Tobacco cessation | |
| Price et al67 2017 | Canada | Prevention (iatrogenesis) | Potentially inappropriate prescriptions in the elderly | |
| Richardson et al68 2019 | USA | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Sore throat, upper respiratory tract infections | |
| Rubin et al72 2006 | USA | Therapeutics (prescrbiing, vaccination), Diagnosis | Acute respiratory tract infections | |
| Trafton et al76 2010 | ATHENA-OT | USA | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Opioid therapy for chronic, noncancer pain |
| Trinkley et al77 2021 | USA | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Heart failure | |
| Williams et al79 2016 | USA | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Pediatric cardiovascular risk | |
| Zheng et al81 2005 | CRS | USA | Prevention (iatrogenesis, disease, test ordering), Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination), Management of chronic disease(s) | Diabetes mellitus type II, hyperlipidemia, steroid-induced osteoporosis, influenza, pneumonia, breast cancer, cervical cancer |
| Europe | ||||
| af Klercker et al35 1998 | Sweden | Diagnosis | Ear, nose, throat diseases | |
| Arts et al37 2018 | The Netherlands | Management of chronic disease(s) | Diabetes mellitus type II, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, medication prescriptions relating to care of older adults | |
| Bindels et al41 2003 | GRIF Automated Feedback System | The Netherlands | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Comments on the appropriateness of diagnostic tests ordered by general practitioners |
| Helldén et al48 2015 | The renal button | Sweden | Prevention (iatrogenesis) | Adaption of medication to renal function from the patient’s EHR |
| Heselmans et al49 2020 and Koskela et al53 2016 | EBMeDS | Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Italy | Prevention (iatrogenesis, disease, test ordering), Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination), Management of chronic disease | > 1,000 NICE-accredited international guidelines |
| Lugtenberg et al58,59 2015 (2 articles) | NHGDoc | The Netherlands | Prevention (disease, test ordering, iatrogenesis), Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination), Management of chronic disease(s) | Diabetes mellitus type II, cardiovascular risk management, asthma/COPD, thyroid disorders, viral hepatitis and other liver diseases, atrial fibrillation, subfertility |
| Pannebakker et al64 2019 | England | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Pigmented skin lesions | |
| Rieckert et al68,69 2018, 2019 | PRIMA-EDS | Germany, Austria, Italy, England | Prevention (iatrogenesis) | Polypharmacy in older and chronically ill people |
| Rousseau et al71 2003 | England | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination), Management of chronic disease(s) | Asthma and angina in adults | |
| Toth-Pal et al75 2008 | Evibase | Sweden | Management of chronic disease(s) | Congestive heart failure |
| Australia | ||||
| Abimbola et al34 2019 | Health Tracker | Australia | Prevention (disease, test ordering) | Cardiovascular risk management |
| Bandong et al39 2019 | My Whiplash Navigator |
Australia | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Whiplash-associated disorders |
| Peiris et al65 2014 | Australia | Diagnosis, Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Back pain management | |
| Wan et al78 2012 | Australia | Management of chronic disease(s) | Diabetes mellitus type 2 | |
| Wilson et al80 2007 | EMPOWER | Australia | Prevention (disease, test ordering), Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Cardiovascular risk management, hypertension |
| South America | ||||
| Maia et al60 2016 | Brazil | Management of chronic disease(s) | Diabetes mellitus type II | |
| Marcolino et al61 2021 | Brazil | Prevention (disease, test ordering), Management of chronic diseases | Diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, cardiovascular risk treatment | |
| Silveira et al73 2019 | TeleHAS | Brazil | Prevention (disease, test ordering), Therapeutics | Cardiovascular risk management, hypertension |
| Africa | ||||
| Bessat et al40 2019 | REC | Burkina Faso | Diagnosis, Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Follow-up and treatment of children under the age of 5 years in developing countries |
| Jensen et al50 (2019) | eIMCI | South Africa | Prevention (disease, test ordering), Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Management of childhood illness |
| Sukums et al74 2015 | QUALMAT | Burkina Faso, Ghana, Tanzania | Therapeutics (prescribing, vaccination) | Antenatal and intrapartum care |
| Asia | ||||
| Praveen et al66 2014 | India, Indonesia, Thailand | Management of chronic disease(s) | Cardiovascular risk management | |
CDSS = clinical decision support system; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EHR = electronic health record; NICE = National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.