Extended Data Fig. 2. NtL-ButM induced an ileal gene expression signature that is almost entirely anti-microbial peptides (AMPs).
a, One week of daily dosing of 800 mg kg−1 NtL-ButM to germ-free (GF) C3H/HeN mice induced a unique gene expression signature in the ileum compared to untreated and inactive polymer controls as measured by RNA sequencing of isolated intestinal epithelial cells. Top 100 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at False Discovery Rate (FDR)-adjusted P < 0.005 and fold change (FC) ≥ 1.5 or ≤−1.5 are shown. Annotation bars of the three groups, experiment batches (E2 and E3), and gender (female, male) are shown above the heatmap. b, Fluorescent imaging of intelectin protein in small intestine sections from control or treated mice. Blue (DAPI), red (intelectin). c, Intelectin protein is quantified by total fluorescence signal per crypt of small intestine. n = 3 PBS-treated and 4 NtL-ButM treated mice, with >15 crypts quantified per mouse. Data represent mean ± s.e.m. limma voom with precision weights was used in a. Two-sided Student’s t-test was used in c.