Fig. 5. Butyrate micelle treatment reduced the anaphylactic response to peanut challenge.
a,b, Experimental schema (a) and dosing strategy (b). All mice were sensitized weekly by intragastric gavage of 6 mg of peanut extract (PN) plus 10 μg of the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin. After 4 weeks of sensitization, one group of mice (n = 20) was challenged by i.p. administration of 1 mg of PN to confirm that the sensitization protocol induced a uniform allergic response. c, Change in core body temperature following PN challenge where core body temperature drop indicates anaphylaxis. In the first study (d–h), the remaining mice were randomized into two treatment groups. One group was treated with PBS (n = 40) and the other group was treated with a 1:1 mix of NtL-ButM and Neg-ButM polymers at 400 mg kg−1 each (ButM, n = 40). The data in d–h were pooled from four independent experiments. d, Change in core body temperature following challenge with PN in PBS- or ButM-treated mice. The AUC values were compared between the two groups. e–h, Serum mMCPT-1 (e), histamine (f), peanut-specific IgE (g) and peanut-specific IgG1 (h) from mice in d. In the second study (i–m), mice were treated with PBS (n = 12), ButM (n = 12) or sodium butyrate (NaBut, n = 12). i, Change in core body temperature following challenge with PN in PBS-, ButM- or NaBut-treated mice. j–m, Serum mMCPT-1 (j), histamine (k), peanut-specific IgE (l) and peanut-specific IgG1 (m) from mice in i. Data represent mean ± s.e.m. Data for d–h and i–m were analysed using two-sided Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test, respectively.