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. 2023 Jan 16;9(1):e13012. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13012

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Alterations in the urinary tract microbiota are associated with multiple factors. Alterations in the urinary tract microbiota, including the bladder, are closely related to factors such as genetic mutations, gender, age, smoking, occupational exposure, and environmental changes.