TABLE 2.

Baseline MAP, HR, and TTI before muscle contraction and stretch.

Static contraction
Stages	Early onset		Established		Chronic
Groups	Healthy (n = 7)	T2DM (n = 8)	Healthy (n = 8)	T2DM (n = 8)	Healthy (n = 8)	T2DM (n = 10)
Baseline MAP $\text{(mmHg)}$	77 ± 4	82 ± 5	85 ± 5	99 ± 5	90 ± 7	89 ± 7
Baseline HR $\text{(bpm)}$	387 ± 16	336 ± 10*	391 ± 17	377 ± 17	368 ± 28	336 ± 15
TTI $\text{(kg.s)}$	19 ± 2	22 ± 1	19 ± 1	21 ± 1	22 ± 1	20 ± 1
Intermittent contraction
Groups	Healthy (n = 6)	T2DM (n = 7)	Healthy (n = 8)	T2DM (n = 8)	Healthy (n = 8)	T2DM (n = 9)
Baseline MAP $\text{(mmHg)}$	74 ± 4	74 ± 4	80 ± 5	93 ± 6	79 ± 5	91 ± 6
Baseline HR $\text{(bpm)}$	378 ± 27	321 ± 7	407 ± 16	394 ± 23	347 ± 22	354 ± 21
TTI $\text{(kg.s)}$	14 ± 1	13 ± 1	12 ± 1	13 ± 1	13 ± 1	11 ± 0.3
Stretch
Groups	Healthy (n = 6)	T2DM (n = 9)	Healthy (n = 8)	T2DM (n = 8)	Healthy (n = 8)	T2DM (n = 9)
Baseline MAP $\text{(mmHg)}$	74 ± 4	81 ± 5	89 ± 4	94 ± 10	86 ± 6	88 ± 7
Baseline HR $\text{(bpm)}$	382 ± 25	335 ± 8*	408 ± 24	358 ± 15	348 ± 20	364 ± 18
TTI $\text{(kg.s)}$	20 ± 0.2	20 ± 0.3	20 ± 0.2	20 ± 0.2	20 ± 0.4	20 ± 0.4

Values are means ± SE., MAP, mean arterial pressure; HR, heart rate; TTI, tension time index; Student’s two tailed t-test for all group comparisons within each stage. (*)significantly different from the healthy, age-matched rats, p < 0.05.