TABLE 4.
Risk factors of potentially inappropriate medication use in long-term care facility residents.
| OR | 95% CI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 1 | — | — |
| Female | 1.2 | 1.04 | 1.38 | |
| Age | 65–74 | 1 | — | — |
| 75–84 | .79 | .64 | .96 | |
| 85–89 | .78 | .63 | .96 | |
| ≥90 | .71 | .53 | .96 | |
| Type of health insurance | Medical insurance | 1 | — | — |
| Medical aid | 1.22 | 1.05 | 1.43 | |
| CCI | 0 | 1 | — | — |
| 1 | 1.02 | .85 | 1.23 | |
| 2 | .89 | .72 | 1.11 | |
| ≥3 | .95 | .73 | 1.24 | |
| Hospitalization | Yes | 1 | — | — |
| No | 1.1 | .96 | 1.25 | |
| Number of medical institutions visited | ≤2 | 1 | — | — |
| 3–4 | 1.83 | 1.61 | 2.08 | |
| ≥5 | 3.11 | 2.56 | 3.78 | |
| Number of medications | 0–2 | 1 | — | — |
| 3–4 | 1.77 | 1.46 | 2.14 | |
| 5–9 | 2.92 | 2.47 | 3.45 | |
| ≥10 | 5.9 | 4.69 | 7.42 | |
| Chronic disease (References: None) | Dementia | 2.05 | 1.77 | 2.36 |
| Mental disorders a | 3.31 | 2.46 | 4.46 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | .81 | .68 | .97 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | .78 | .62 | 1 | |
| Parkinson’s disease | .87 | .68 | 1.11 | |
| Hypertension | 1.05 | .94 | 1.19 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.04 | .89 | 1.22 | |
| Dyslipidemia | .73 | .61 | .88 | |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.37 | 1.13 | 1.65 | |
| LTC grade | 1–2 | 1 | — | — |
| 3–5 | 1.49 | 1.32 | 1.68 | |
| Duration of residence in LTCF | <1 | 1 | — | — |
| 1–2 | 1.05 | .87 | 1.26 | |
| 2–3 | 1 | .81 | 1.23 | |
| ≥3 | 1.13 | .92 | 1.4 | |
| Duration of LTCI | <3 | 1 | — | — |
| 3–5 | 0.9 | .75 | 1.07 | |
| ≥5 | .83 | .69 | 1 | |
| Ownership type of LTCF | Local government | 1 | — | — |
| Corporate | .92 | 0.7 | 1.2 | |
| Private, other | 1.01 | .77 | 1.32 | |
| Number of contracted physicians | 0 | 1 | — | — |
| 1 | .97 | .82 | 1.14 | |
| 2 | .97 | .78 | 1.21 | |
| ≥3 | .81 | .59 | 1.12 | |
| Bed capacity | <20 | 1 | — | — |
| 20–49 | 1.1 | .92 | 1.33 | |
| 50–99 | .92 | .77 | 1.1 | |
| ≥100 | .84 | .66 | 1.07 | |
a
Mental disorders excluding dementia and Parkinson’s disease.
Abbreviations: CCI, charlson comorbidity index; CI, confidence interval; LTC, long-term care; LTCF, long-term care facility; LTCI, long-term care insurance; OR, odds ratio.