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. 2023 Jan 10;9:1050476. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1050476

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Copyright © 2023 Mantegazza, Gripari, Tamborini, Muratori, Fusini, Ghulam Ali, Garlaschè and Pepi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The role of new 3D tools in echocardiography. Shown are three examples of MVP, in which new tools may improve the quality of imaging. Top panels show a P2 prolapse by standard 3D TTE (A) and by TI rendering (B). Mid panels show a complex P2 prolapse by standard 3D TEE (C) and by TI rendering, which clearly shows the fragile texture of the leaflet (D). Bottom panels show a P2 flail by 3D TEE applying the TI tool (E) and the transparency effect (F). 3D, three-dimensional; Ao, aorta; MV, mitral valve; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography; TI, transillumination. TTE, transthoracic echocardiography; TV, tricuspid valve.