TABLE 2.

List of interviews conducted and summary of the participants’ background.

Interviewees’ background	Number of interviews conducted
Academia—Expertise in patent law and competition	1
Academia—Expertise in medicines procurement	1
Academia—Expertise in pharmaceutical policies	1
Hospital pharmacist	4
Industry representative	1
Regulator—Expertise in pharmaceutical policies	1
Regulator/health institution representative— Expertise in medicines procurement	1

A total of 10 interviews were conducted with expert stakeholders in Italy, Portugal, and Spain. Other health policy and procurement experts with an academic affiliation (not indicated in this table) contributed to our research by providing written information on market data for TNF-alpha inhibitors in Southern Europe, and by informally discussing the implications of implemented biosimilar policies. Number of interviews conducted per country: Italy (2), Portugal (4), Spain (4).