Table 1.
Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the total cohort and red flag ATTR suspicion groups
| Total study population (n = 120) | No suspicion of ATTR (n = 53) | Suspicion, ATTR not confirmed (n = 57) | Suspicion, ATTR confirmed (n = 10) | P‐values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | |||||
| Age at screening, years | 74.5 ± 6.1 | 72.4 ± 4.9 | 75.4 ± 5.8 | 81.2 ± 7.6 | 0.00* |
| Male | 109 (90.8) | 47 (88.7) | 53 (92.98) | 9 (90.0) | 0.73 |
| Hypertension | 65 (54.2) | 29 (54.7) | 30 (52.6) | 6 (60.0) | 0.91 |
| Diabetes | 15 (12.5) | 5 (9.4) | 9 (15.8) | 1 (10.0) | 0.58 |
| IHD | 18 (15.0) | 5 (9.4) | 11 (19.3) | 2 (20.0) | 0.32 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11 (9.2) | 1 (1.9) | 8 (14.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0.04* |
| Low voltage | 9 (7.5) | 0 (0) | 6 (10.5) | 3 (30.0) | 0.00* , a |
| Bilateral CTS | 59 (49.6) | 27 (51.9) | 26 (45.6) | 6 (60.0) | 0.64 |
| Years since surgery | 4.4 [2.9–5.7] | 3.9 [2.9–5.6] | 4.7 [2.9–5.7] | 4.2 [2.9–5.4] | 0.93 |
| Laboratory | |||||
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 75 [65–85] | 71.0 [65–81] | 78 [69–88] | 79.5 [65–89] | 0.65 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 86 [76–90] | 88 [81–90] | 83 [74–90] | 78.5 [67–90] | 0.02* |
| Elevated troponin T or I | 19 (15.8) | 1 (1.9) | 9 (15.8) | 6 (60.0) | 0.00* |
| NT‐proBNP, ng/L | 115 [64–313] | 101 [50–142] | 174 [72–516] | 742 [383–1157] | 0.00* |
| Echocardiography | |||||
| IVS, mm | 11.0 ± 2.8 | 9.9 ± 2.4 | 11.5 ± 2.7 | 14.0 ± 3.0 | 0.00* |
| PW, mm | 8.9 ± 2.2 | 8.5 ± 1.8 | 8.8 ± 2.3 | 11.1 ± 2.6 | 0.00* |
| EDD, mm | 49.7 ± 6.4 | 49.9 ± 6.4 | 49.5 ± 6.7 | 50.1 ± 5.1 | 0.92 |
| ESD, mm | 36.6 ± 7.6 | 37.4 ± 7.6 | 35.8 ± 7.8 | 36.9 ± 6.1 | 0.54 |
| LVEF, % | 56.7 ± 7.2 | 56.2 ± 5.97 | 57.3 ± 7.7 | 55.6 ± 9.7 | 0.63 |
| GLS, % | −17.3 ± 2.7 | −17.5 ± 2.3 | −17.4 ± 2.9 | −15.5 ± 2.98 | 0.09 |
| RAS pattern | 43 (35.8) | 0 (0.0) | 34 (59.6) | 9 (90.0) | 0.02* , a |
| RASr | 1.26 [1.1–1.5] | 1.12 [1.05–1.25] | 1.4 [1.2–1.6] | 1.8 [1.3–2.3] | 0.00* |
| E/A ratio | 0.94 [0.755–1.14] | 0.89 [0.74–1.02] | 0.94 [0.75–1.22] | 1.23 [0.99–2.1] | 0.43* |
| E/e′ | 7.8 [6.0–10.0] | 6.7 [5.6–9.0] | 8.0 [6.2–10.6] | 10.2 [8.7–12.5] | 0.00* |
| LAVi, mL/m2 | 34.9 ± 13.7 | 29.3 ± 9.8 | 37.6 ± 12.1 | 46 ± 17.2 | 0.00* |
| TAPSE, mm | 22.9 ± 5.3 | 23.2 ± 5.9 | 22.4 ± 4.6 | 23.8 ± 6.1 | 0.63 |
| S′ | 13.0 ± 3.5 | 12.9 ± 3.0 | 12.7 ± 3.5 | 15.2 ± 5.2 | 0.14 |
| TRG, mmHg | 19.1 ± 8.4 | 18.7 ± 8.1 | 18.4 ± 8.1 | 24.8 ± 10.0 | 0.08 |
ATTR, transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis; CTS, carpal tunnel syndrome; EDD, end‐diastolic diameter; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESD, end‐systolic diameter; GLS, global longitudinal strain; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; IVS, interventricular septum; LAVi, left atrial volume index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; PW, posterior wall; RAS, relative apical sparring; RASr, relative apical sparring ratio; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TRG, tricuspid return gradient.
Summary statistics are presented as median [interquartile range 25–75] or mean ± SD for continuous variables and as numbers (%) for categorical data.
Comparison of a red flag is performed between the two groups with values above 0, not all three.
P‐value < 0.05.