Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants completing baseline and follow‐up SF‐36 questionnaire, by health status
| Baseline characteristic | Health status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No HF | New HFpEF | New HFrEF | Previous HF | Total | P value a | |
| Sample size | 1420 | 68 | 82 | 26 | 1596 | |
| Age (years) mean (SD) | 57.0 (7.9) | 65.4 (6.5) | 63.1 (7.7) | 63.0 (5.6) | 57.8 (8.1) | <0.0001 |
| Male (%) | 690 (48.6) | 31 (45.6) | 59 (72.0) | 14 (53.9) | 794 (49.7) | 0.04 |
| Ethnicity: white | 1387 (97.7) | 67 (98.5) | 81 (98.8) | 26 (100) | 1561 (97.8) | 0.96 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) mean (SD) | 26.3 (4.7) | 27.2 (5.3) | 27.9 (5.2) | 28.0 (7.3) | 26.4 (4.8) | 0.41 |
| Medical history | ||||||
| Hypertension | 373 (26.3) | 39 (57.4) | 33 (40.2) | 13 (50.0) | 458 (28.7) | 0.23 |
| Myocardial infarction | 70 (4.9) | 5 (7.4) | 23 (28.1) | 10 (38.5) | 108 (6.8) | 0.04 |
| Angina | 107 (7.5) | 10 (14.7) | 25 (30.5) | 14 (53.9) | 156 (9.8) | 0.99 |
| Diabetes | 61 (4.3) | 3 (4.4) | 4 (4.9) | 3 (11.5) | 71 (4.5) | 0.54 |
| Arthritis | 87 (6.1) | 11 (16.2) | 9 (10.9) | 6 (23.1) | 113 (7.1) | 0.03 |
| Depression | 26 (1.8) | 3 (4.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.9) | 30 (1.9) | 0.82 |
| NYHA class | ||||||
| I | 1284 (90.4) | 48 (70.6) | 61 (74.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1393 (87.3) | 0.85 |
| II | 122 (8.6) | 19 (27.9) | 20 (24.4) | 18 (69.2) | 179 (11.2) | |
| III | 4 (0.3) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (15.4) | 10 (0.6) | |
| IV | 10 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (15.4) | 14 (0.9) | |
| Symptoms | ||||||
| Shortness of breath | 218 (15.4) | 25 (36.8) | 32 (39.0) | 26 (100.0) | 301 (18.9) | 0.04 |
| Fatigue | 383 (27.0) | 27 (39.7) | 38 (46.4) | 21 (80.8) | 469 (29.4) | 0.12 |
| Ankle oedema | 305 (21.5) | 28 (41.2) | 23 (28.1) | 10 (38.5) | 366 (23.0) | 0.06 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Diuretics only | 105 (7.4) | 12 (17.7) | 17 (20.7) | 8 (30.8) | 142 (8.9) | <0.0001 |
| BBL only | 99 (7.0) | 6 (8.8) | 9 (11.0) | 3 (11.5) | 117 (7.3) | |
| ACE or ARB | 41 (2.9) | 4 (5.9) | 3 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 48 (3.0) | |
| Combination | 88 (6.2) | 21 (30.9) | 18 (22.0) | 10 (38.5) | 137 (8.6) | |
| NTproBNP pg/mL median [IQR], n | 63.0 [31.0–113.7], 131 | 127.1 [67.2–169.3], 6 | 128.4 [66.8–232.6], 6 | 83 [80.0–96.0], 4 | 68.8 [34.2–119], 147 | 0.65 b |
| Original diagnosis (ECHOES) | ||||||
| HF and LVSD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 13 (50.0) | 13 (0.8) | ‐ |
| HF and no LVSD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 13 (50.0) | 13 (0.8) | ‐ |
| No HF and LVSD | 6 (0.4) | 1 (1.5) | 6 (7.3) | 0 (0) | 13 (0.8) | ‐ |
| No HF and no LVSD | 1414(99.6) | 67 (98.5) | 76 (92.7) | 0 (0) | 1557 (97.6) | ‐ |
HF, heart failure; LVSD, left ventricular systolic dysfunction; NYHA class, New York Heart Association functional classification system, I = no symptoms and limitations in normal physical activity; II mild limitations; III marked limitations: IV severe limitations.
a
P values obtained from a multinomial logistic model, excluding original diagnosis and NT‐proBNP.
b
Including NT‐proBNP.