Table 4.
Associations Between Average Prenatal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 2 Years
| NO2 | PM10 | PM2.5 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | p | β | 95% CI | p | β | 95% CI | p | ||
| Motor Scores | Fine Motor Score | 0.05 | -0.26, 0.37 | 0.74 | -0.40 | -0.71, -0.09 | 0.01 | -0.27 | -0.58, 0.04 | 0.09 |
| Gross Motor Score | 0.09 | -0.25, 0.43 | 0.59 | -0.37 | -0.70, -0.04 | 0.03 | -0.13 | -0.46, 0.20 | 0.44 | |
| Motor Scaled Score | 0.19 | -0.36, 0.73 | 0.51 | -0.77 | -1.30, -0.24 | 0.005* | -0.41 | -0.94, 0.13 | 0.14 | |
| Composite Motor Score | 0.55 | -1.11, 2.22 | 0.51 | -2.35 | -3.95, -0.74 | 0.004* | -1.22 | -2.84, 0.40 | 0.14 | |
| Cognitive | Cognitive Scaled Score | -0.06 | -0.42, 0.30 | 0.75 | -0.34 | -0.70, 0.01 | 0.06 | -0.28 | -0.64, 0.07 | 0.12 |
| Composite Cognitive Score | -0.70 | -2.62, 1.22 | 0.47 | -2.01 | -3.89, -0.13 | 0.04 | -1.97 | -3.83, -0.10 | 0.04 | |
| Language Scores | Receptive Communication Score | -0.03 | -0.37, 0.31 | 0.87 | -0.25 | -0.59, 0.08 | 0.13 | -0.18 | -0.52, 0.15 | 0.28 |
| Expressive Communication Score | -0.07 | -0.38, 0.24 | 0.65 | -0.36 | -0.66, -0.05 | 0.02 | -0.15 | -0.46, 0.16 | 0.34 | |
| Language Scaled Score | -0.10 | -0.68, 0.48 | 0.74 | -0.61 | -1.18, -0.05 | 0.03 | -0.33 | -0.90, 0.24 | 0.25 | |
| Composite Language Score | -0.33 | -2.02, 1.36 | 0.70 | -1.87 | -3.52 -0.22 | 0.03 | -1.01 | -2.67, 0.65 | 0.23 | |
Table shows the results from multivariable linear regression analyses between prenatal ambient air pollution exposure and cognitive outcomes assessed at 2 years in Latino infants. Models adjusted for socioeconomic status (SES), breast feedings per day, gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, infant birthweight, and infant sex. Table shows betas (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that were scaled to a 1SD difference in exposure (SD NO2 = 2.43 ppb, SD PM10 = 3.94 µg/m3, SD PM2.5 = 1.24 µg/m3). Statistical significance is denoted in bold (p < 0.05) while * and ** represent an adjusted p-value of p < 0.10 and p < 0.05 respectively