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. 2023 Jan 24;22:17. doi: 10.1186/s12943-023-01713-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Primary tumors localized in the rectum are more likely to develop rHGP CRCLM. (a) Graphical abstract of the experimental workflow. (b) Representative H&E images of rHGP and dHGP. T: tumor; L: liver; D: desmoplastic rim. (c) Kaplan–Meier curves: OS after CRCLM resection depending on the HGP (n = 225). (d) Kaplan–Meier curves: sub-stratified OS after CRCLM resection depending on the percentage of dHGP (n = 225). (e) Left box charts: HGP distribution of CRCLM in the context of the localization of the primary tumor. Right bar plot: predominant HGP (after exclusion of CRCLM with 50% of each HGP), in the context of the localization of the primary tumor (p value by chi-square test). (f) Kaplan–Meier curves: OS after CRCLM resection depending on the HGP and the application of therapeutic RAAS inhibition (RAAS-I) in the pre-treatment-naive subgroup (n = 121). P values were calculated by two-sided log-rank test