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. 2023 Jan 24;58(6):961–971. doi: 10.1007/s00127-023-02425-z

Table 2.

Incidence rate ratios of mental disorder as a function of age, gender and socioeconomic status (Poisson regressions of incidence rates with gender # SES interaction)

Any disorder ADHD Conduct disorders Anxiety Depression Substance use Psychosis and personality Eating disorders Self-harm
Age IRR 1.09 1.00 0.99 1.16 1.10 1.23 1.12 1.05 1.16
CI (p) 1.09–1.09 (< 0.001) 1.00–1.01 (< 0.001) 0.99–0.99 (< 0.001) 1.16–1.16 (< 0.001) 1.09–1.10 (< 0.001) 1.22–1.23 (< 0.001) 1.11–1.12 (< 0.001) 1.04–1.05 (< 0.001) 1.15–1.17 (< 0.001)
Female # high SES IRR Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
Female # medium SES IRR 1.06 0.75 0.91 1.14 1.29 1.46 1.18 0.95 1.31
CI (p) 1.04–1.08 (< 0.001) 0.70–0.79 (< 0.001) 0.88–0.95 (< 0.001) 1.10–1.17 (< 0.001) 1.18–1.42 (< 0.001) 1.37–1.54 (< 0.001) 1.05–1.33 (0.006) 0.88–1.02 (0.148) 1.03–1.65 (0.025)
Female) # SES (low) IRR 1.72 0.81 1.76 1.96 2.70 2.82 4.22 1.11 3.50
CI (p) 1.64–1.79 (< 0.001) 0.69–0.96 (0.017) 1.62–1.92 (< 0.001) 1.84–2.08 (< 0.001) 2.29–3.19 (< 0.001) 2.56–3.12 (< 0.001) 3.53–5.05 (< 0.001) 0.92–1.34 (0.265) 2.41–5.08 (< 0.001)
Male # high SES IRR 1.22 2.57 1.54 0.65 1.69 1.28 1.40 0.48 0.60
CI (p) 1.19–1.25 (< 0.001) 2.43–2.71 (< 0.001) 1.48–1.60 (< 0.001) 0.63–0.68 (< 0.001) 1.53–1.87 (< 0.001) 1.20–1.37 (< 0.001) 1.23–1.60 (< 0.001) 0.43–0.53 (< 0.001) 0.44–0.83 (0.002)
Male # medium SES IRR 1.15 2.12 1.50 0.70 1.65 1.98 2.10 0.34 0.74
CI (p) 1.13–1.18 (< 0.001) 2.01–2.23 (< 0.001) 1.44–1.56 (< 0.001) 0.67–0.72 (< 0.001) 1.51–1.81 (< 0.001) 1.87–2.09 (< 0.001) 1.87–2.35 (< 0.001) 0.31–0.37 (< 0.001) 0.57–0.95 (0.020)
Male # low SES IRR 2.44 2.72 3.45 1.45 7.22 5.26 10.20 0.92 5.86
CI (p) 2.34–2.55 (< 0.001) 2.45–3.03 (< 0.001) 3.21–3.69 (< 0.001) 1.34–1.56 (< 0.001) 6.34–8.22 (< 0.001) 4.79–5.77 (< 0.001) 8.78–11.85 (< 0.001) 0.74–1.14 (0.449) 4.14–8.30 (< 0.001)

SES socioeconomic status, IRR incidence rate ratio, CI 95% confidence intervals, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder