. 2023 Jan 23;9:e35748. doi: 10.2196/35748

Table 2.

Social support in relation to mental health and physical health, overall and stratified by age, for all participants.

Social support	Crude					Adjusted^a
	Overall (n=4631), beta (95% CI)	P value	Overall (n=4631), beta (95% CI)	P value	18-60 years old (n=3587), beta (95% CI)		P value	≥60 years old (n=1044), beta (95% CI)	P value
Total support for mental health^b	–0.51 (–0.61 to –0.40)^c	<.001	–0.35 (–0.45 to –0.25)^d	<.001	–0.56 (–0.69 to –0.44)^e		<.001	–0.17 (–0.34 to –0.01)^f	.049
Total support for physical support^g	2.94 (2.32 to 3.56)^h	<.001	2.81 (2.18 to 3.45)ⁱ	<.001	3.33 (2.60 to 4.07)^j		<.001	0.95 (–0.36 to 2.26)^k	.15

^aAdjusted for age (18-30, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, ≥60+ years), sex (male, female, other/don’t know), marital status (single, married/living with partner, separate/divorced/widowed, declined to answer), employment status (full time, part-time home maker, unemployed, retired, other/declined to answer), cultural group (Asian Indian, ethnic Chinese, Filipino, Hmong, Japanese, Korean, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders, Vietnamese, other/mixed), United States region (Midwest, Northeast, South, West), severity of COVID-19 in participant’s location relative to the rest of the United States (a lot less, somewhat less, about the same, somewhat more, a lot more), annual household income (US $; ≤25,000, 25,001-75,000, 75,001-150,000, ≥150,001, declined to answer), education (high school or less, some college or technical school, bachelor’s degree, master’s degree or higher), length of shelter in place (no order, <1 month, 1 month to <2 months, 2-3 months, don’t know), change in family income (no change, mild, moderate, severe), English proficiency (limited, not limited), country of birth (United States, outside the United States).

^bP_interaction for age x social support in relation to mental health=.008.

^cModel R²=0.02.

^dModel R²=0.21.

^eModel R²=0.14.

^fModel R²=0.12.

^gP_interaction for age x social support in relation to physical health=.01.

^hModel R²=0.02.

ⁱModel R²=0.04.

^jModel R²=0.05.

^kModel R²=0.06.