Table 1.
Descriptive statistic of the participants (N = 471).
| Classification | Total (N = 471) | Disease duration < 10 years (N = 252) | Disease duration ≥10 years (N = 219) | Test statistic | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) or N (%) | ||||||
| Age | 60–69 | 183 (38.9) | 111 (44.0) | 72 (32.9) | 12.753a | <0.001 |
| 70–79 | 195 (41.4) | 108 (42.9) | 87 (39.7) | |||
| ≥80 | 93 (19.7) | 33 (13.1) | 60 (27.4) | |||
| Gender | Male | 231 (49.0) | 108 (42.9) | 123 (56.2) | 8.303b | 0.004 |
| Female | 240 (51.0) | 144 (57.1) | 96 (43.8) | |||
| Marital status | Married | 399 (84.7) | 213 (84.5) | 186 (84.9) | 0.015b | 0.902 |
| Divorced or widowed | 72 (15.3) | 39 (15.5) | 33 (15.1) | |||
| Occupation before retirement | Self-employment | 60 (12.7) | 36 (14.3) | 24 (10.9) | 9.690b | 0.046 |
| Freelance | 42 (8.9) | 30 (11.9) | 12 (5.5) | |||
| Farmer | 216 (45.9) | 114 (45.2) | 102 (46.6) | |||
| Staff of government agencies or public sector | 84 (17.8) | 42 (16.7) | 42 (19.2) | |||
| Worker | 69 (14.7) | 30 (11.9) | 39 (17.8) | |||
| No. of children | 0–2 | 162 (34.4) | 93 (36.9) | 69 (31.5) | 1.513b | 0.219 |
| ≥3 | 309 (65.6) | 159 (63.1) | 150 (68.5) | |||
| Live alone | No | 399 (84.7) | 210 (83.3) | 189 (86.3) | 0.797b | 0.372 |
| Yes | 72 (15.3) | 42 (16.7) | 30 (13.7) | |||
| Educational attainment | None | 165 (35.0) | 75 (29.8) | 90 (41.1) | 2.112a | 0.146 |
| Primary school | 189 (40.1) | 114 (45.3) | 75 (34.2) | |||
| Middle school | 42 (8.9) | 27 (10.7) | 15 (6.9) | |||
| High school or secondary vocational school | 30 (6.4) | 18 (7.1) | 12 (5.5) | |||
| Undergraduate or junior college above | 45 (9.6) | 18 (7.1) | 27 (12.3) | |||
| Monthly household income (RMB) | ≤1,500 | 54 (11.5) | 24 (9.5) | 30 (13.7) | 0.238a | 0.625 |
| 1,501–3,000 | 168 (35.7) | 90 (35.7) | 78 (35.6) | |||
| 3,001–5,000 | 171 (36.3) | 102 (40.5) | 69 (31.5) | |||
| 5,001–10,000 | 48 (10.2) | 21 (8.3) | 27 (12.3) | |||
| >10,000 | 30 (6.4) | 15 (6.0) | 15 (6.9) | |||
| No. of chronic disease | 1 | 198 (42.0) | 135 (53.6) | 63 (28.8) | 29.586b | <0.001 |
| ≥2 | 273 (58.1) | 117 (46.4) | 156 (71.2) | |||
| Health literacy | 81.7 (22.8) | 83.6 (20.8) | 79.6 (24.7) | 1.874c | 0.062 | |
| Self-efficacy | 45.2(12.7) | 45.7 (11.5) | 44.7 (13.9) | 0.854c | 0.394 | |
| PCS | 52.5 (25.9) | 54.3 (23.2) | 50.3 (28.7) | 1.673c | 0.095 | |
| MCS | 64.1 (18.2) | 66.5 (17.2) | 61.3 (18.9) | 3.166c | 0.002 | |
PCS, physical component summary; MCS, mental component summary;
a
Z;
b
χ2;
c
t.