Table 1.
Research contents | Type | Number of studies | Vaccine name | Type of ingredient (in one dose) | Study ID | ||
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Vaccine effectiveness | mRNA vaccine | 3 | Pfizer-BioNTech | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Dagan et al.[11]; Goldshtein et al.[12]; Butt et al.[13] |
mRN: Tozinameran is a single-stranded, 5’-capped mRNA produced using a cell-free in vitro transcription from the corresponding DNA templates, encoding the viral spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. |
/ | -Lipids (fats)*: ‧2[(polyethylene glycol (PEG))-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide ‧1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ‧Cholesterol (plant derived) ‧((4-hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane-6,1-diyl)bis(2-hexyldecanoate) -Sugar and acid stabilizers: ‧ Sucrose (table sugar) ‧ Tromethamine ‧Tromethamine hydrochloride |
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One vial (0.45 ml) contains six doses of 0.3 ml after dilution. One dose (0.3 ml) contains 30 micrograms of tozinameran, a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (embedded in lipid nanoparticles). * Lipid nanoparticle formulation has intrinsic adjuvant activity. | |||||||
Moderna | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Butt et al.[13] | |||
-mRNA: Elasomeran is a single-stranded, 5’-capped mRNA produced using a cell-free in vitro transcription from the corresponding DNA templates, encoding the viral spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 |
/ | -Lipids (fats)*: ‧ PEG2000-DMG: 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycerol, methoxypolyethylene glycol ‧1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ‧ BotaniChol® (nonanimal origin cholesterol) ‧ SM-102: heptadecane-9-yl 8-((2-hydroxyethyl) (6-oxo-6-(undecyloxy) hexyl) amino) octanoate -Salt, sugar, acid stabilizers, and acid: ‧ Sodium acetate ‧ Sucrose (basic table sugar) ‧ Tromethamine ‧Tromethamine hydrochloride ‧ Acetic acid (the main ingredient in white household vinegar) |
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This is a multidose vial that contains 10 doses of 0.5 ml each or a maximum of 20 doses of 0.25 ml each. One dose (0.5 ml) contains 100 micrograms of elasomeran, a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (embedded in SM-102 lipid nanoparticles). One dose (0.25 ml) contains 50 micrograms of elasomeran, a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (embedded in SM-102 lipid nanoparticles). * Lipid nanoparticle formulation has intrinsic adjuvant activity. |
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Inactivated vaccines | 1 | CoronaVac | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Paixao et al.[14] | |
-3 μg of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus |
-Aluminum hydroxide: 0.5 ml of aluminum hydroxide diluent per dose |
- Salt, sugar, acid stabilizers, and acid: disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium, chloride, and water for injection |
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One dose (0.5 ml) is composed of 3 μg of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus | |||||||
Research contents | Type | Number of studies | Vaccine name |
Type of ingredient (in one dose) |
Study ID | ||
Vaccine Safety | mRNA vaccine | 13 | Pfizer-BioNTech | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Theiler et al.[16]; Wainstock et al.[17]; Goldshtein et al.[12]; Rottenstreich et al.[18]; Bookstein Peretz et al.[21]; Blakeway et al.[19]; Lipkind et al.[20]; Shimabukuro et al.[26]; Kachikis et al.[22]; Trostle et al.[23]; Zauche et al.[24]; Kharbanda et al.[25]; Magnus et al.[15] |
‑Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) | / | -Lipids (fats)* -Sugar and acid stabilizers |
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One vial (0.45 ml) contains six doses of 0.3 ml after dilution. One dose (0.3 ml) contains 30 micrograms of tozinameran, a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (embedded in lipid nanoparticles). * Lipid nanoparticle formulation has intrinsic adjuvant activity. | |||||||
Moderna | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Theiler et al.[16]; Blakeway et al.[19]; Lipkind et al.[20]; Shimabukuro et al.[26]; Kachikis et al.[22]; Trostle et al.[23]; Kharbanda et al.[25]; Magnus et al.[15] |
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-Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) | -Lipids (fats)* -Salt, sugar, acid stabilizers, and acid |
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One dose (0.5 ml) contains 100 micrograms of elasomeran, a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (embedded in SM-102 lipid nanoparticles). One dose (0.25 ml) contains 50 micrograms of elasomeran, a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (embedded in SM-102 lipid nanoparticles). * Lipid nanoparticle formulation has intrinsic adjuvant activity. | |||||||
Viral vector vaccine | Janssen | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Theiler et al.[16]; Lipkind et al.[20]; [21] |
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-A harmless version of a virus unrelated to the COVID-19 virus: Recombinant, replication-incompetent Ad26 vector, encoding a stabilized variant of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein |
/ | -Excipients with known effect: Each dose (0.5 ml) contains approximately 2 mg of ethanol. -Sugars, salts, acid, and acid stabilizer: ‧ Polysorbate-80 ‧ 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin ‧ Trisodium citrate dihydrate ‧ Sodium chloride (basic table salt) ‧ Citric acid monohydrate (closely related to lemon juice) |
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This is a multidose vial which contains five doses of 0.5 ml. One dose (0.5 ml) contains: Adenovirus type 26 encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein* (Ad26.COV2-S), no less than 8.92 log10 infectious units. Produced in the PER.C6 TetR Cell Line and by recombinant DNA technology. | |||||||
Oxford-AstraZeneca | Active ingredient | Adjuvant | Other excipients | Blakeway et al.[19]; Magnus et al.[15] |
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-COVID-19 Vaccine (ChAdOx1-S* recombinant), not less than 2.5 × 108 infectious units -Recombinant, replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus vector encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: Produced in genetically modified human embryonic kidney 293 cells. |
/ | - Sugars, salts, acid, and acid stabilizer: L-Histidine, L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, polysorbate 80 (E 433), ethanol, sucrose, Sodium chloride, disodium edetate dihydrate, and water for injections |
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One dose (0.5 ml) contains no less than 2.5 × 108 infectious units. |
mRNA, messenger RNA.