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. 2023 Jan 9;29(1):75–85. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02097-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Color-coded areas of brain atrophy (blue) and growth (red) representing PBVC at 2 years from hfNPC transplantation in two representative patients, respectively, receiving a low dose (a, red in c) and high dose (b, green in c) of hfNPCs. c, Lower rates of total brain atrophy (percentage of brain volume change [PBVC]) significantly correlate with the number of injected hfNPCs (r = 0.73, P = 0.007). Two-sided Spearman’s correlation test. d, Lower rates of GM atrophy (percentage of gray matter volume change [PGMVC]) significantly correlate with the number of injected hfNPCs (r = 0.66, P = 0.02). Two-sided Spearman’s correlation test. e, Although not statistically significant, lower rates of brain WM atrophy (percentage of white matter volume change [PWMVC]) seem to correlate with high number of injected hfNPCs (r = 0.52, P = 0.08). Two-sided Spearman’s correlation test.