. 2022 Jan 29;37(2):356–361. doi: 10.1038/s41433-021-01923-1

Table 1.

The central refraction and RPRs of subjects in horizontal visual field under non-cycloplegia and cycloplegia.

	The study group			The control group			P value	P value
	Non-cycloplegia	Cycloplegia	P value	Non-cycloplegia	Cycloplegia	P value	P value	P value
0° refraction, mean ± SD, (D)	−3.67 ± 1.45	−3.49 ± 1.41	0.122^a	−3.82 ± 1.24	−3.57 ± 1.16	<0.001^a	0.650^c	0.796^d
15° temporal RPR, mean ± SD, (D)	−0.19 ± 0.75	−0.27 ± 0.59	0.222^a	−0.17 ± 0.59	−0.43 ± 0.77	0.039^a	0.934^c	0.336^d
30° temporal RPR, mean ± SD, (D)	0.00 ± 1.39	−0.11 ± 1.48	0.475^a	0.56 ± 1.43	−0.50 ± 1.68	<0.001^b	0.101^c	0.634^e
15° nasal RPR, mean ± SD, (D)	0.58 ± 0.70	0.42 ± 0.82	0.157^b	0.68 ± 0.75	0.65 ± 0.74	0.716^a	0.581^c	0.241^e
30° nasal RPR, mean ± SD, (D)	1.80 ± 1.25	1.76 ± 1.35	0.697^a	2.32 ± 1.46	2.14 ± 1.61	0.137^b	0.104^c	0.115^e

SD standard deviation, RPR relative peripheral refraction, D dioptres.

^aPaired-samples T tests were used to analyze the differences between non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refractions in each group.

^bWilcoxon rank sum tests were used to analyze the differences between non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refractions in each group.

^cIndependent-sample T-tests were used to analyze the differences in non-cycloplegic refractions between the two groups.

^dIndependent-sample T-tests were used to analyze the differences in cycloplegic refractions between two the groups.

^eMann–Whitney U-tests were used to analyze the differences in cycloplegic refractions between two the groups.