Table 1.
Experimental design for different adhesive mixture.
| Adhesive code | Sample description | Approximate adhesive content (wt%) |
|---|---|---|
| A1 | Uncured DSF | DSF (25); distilled water (75) |
| A2 | Uncured SPC | SPC (20); distilled water (80) |
| A3 | Uncured SPI | SPI (12); distilled water (88) |
| B1 | DSF/NaOH/IA-PAE (5) | DSF (25); distilled water (60); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (5) |
| B2 | SPC/NaOH/IA-PAE (5) | SPC (20); distilled water (65); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (5) |
| B3 | SPI/NaOH/IA-PAE (5) | SPI (12); distilled water (73); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (5) |
| C1 | DSF/NaOH/IA-PAE (10) | DSF (25); distilled water (55); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (10) |
| C2 | SPC/NaOH/IA-PAE (10) | SPC (20); distilled water (60); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (10) |
| C3 | SPI/NaOH/IA-PAE (10) | SPI (12); distilled water (68); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (10) |
| D1 | DSF/NaOH/IA-PAE (15) | DSF (25); distilled water (50); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (15) |
| D2 | SPC/NaOH/IA-PAE (15) | SPC (20); distilled water (55); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (15) |
| D3 | SPI/NaOH/IA-PAE (15) | SPI (12); distilled water (63); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (15) |
| E1 | DSF/NaOH/IA-PAE (20) | DSF (25); distilled water (45); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (20) |
| E2 | SPC/NaOH/IA-PAE (20) | SPC (20); distilled water (50); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (20) |
| E3 | SPI/NaOH/IA-PAE (20) | SPI (12); distilled water (58); NaOH (10); IA-PAE (20) |
Remark: DSF = defatted soy flour, SPC = soy protein concentrate, SPI = soy protein isolate, NaOH = sodium hydroxide, IA-PAE = itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin; 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% indicate IA-PAE substitution rate; 12, 20, and 25 wt% refer to SPI, SPC, and DSF content; 10 wt% denote NaOH content; 45, 50, 55, 58, 60, 63, 65, 68, 73, 75, 80, and 88 wt% depict distilled water content.