Table 1.

Z-average, PDI and turbidity of emulsions prepared by sonication versus microfluidization

Treatments	Z-average (nm)	PDI	Turbidity
Coarse emulsion	189.5 ± 28.3e	0.399 ± 0.044c	9.56 ± 0.5a
Microfluidization
10,000 psi
1 cycle	45.9 ± 0.6d	0.430 ± 0.008c	4.54 ± 0.35b
2 cycles	35.3 ± 0.1c	0.404 ± 0.002c	3.76 ± 0.47c
3 cycles	28.3 ± 0.7a	0.321 ± 0.006ab	2.6 ± 0.46d
15,000 psi
1 cycle	38.6 ± 0.2d	0.425 ± 0.006c	4.39 ± 0.81b
2 cycles	28.0 ± 0.4a	0.331 ± 0.010ab	1.84 ± 0.04e
3 cycles	28.6 ± 0.4a	0.332 ± 0.009ab	1.39 ± 0.22f
20,000 psi
1 cycle	42.3 ± 0.6d	0.488 ± 0.73d	4.72 ± 0.01b
2 cycles	27.2 ± 0.1a	0.340 ± 0.014b	2.25 ± 0.10de
3 cycles	25.7 ± 0.7a	0.313 ± 0.007ab	2.64 ± 0.29d
Sonication
10 min	34.1 ± 0.4b	0.283 ± 0.024a	1.05 ± 0.11g
20 min	27.4 ± 0.4a	0.304 ± 0.011ab	0.43 ± 0.12h
30 min	27.6 ± 0.5a	0.350 ± 0.017b	0.56 ± 0.05h

Within each column, means with the same lowercase letter are not significantly different (p > 0.05)