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. 2023 Jan 25;49(1):102287. doi: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102287

Table 6.

Mean Comparisons of Crisis Response Strategies on Control Mutuality.

Presence
Absence
t value P value
M SD M SD
Denial 3.34 0.94 3.49 0.90 1.246 0.214
Shifting the blame 3.16 0.83 3.57 0.91 3.798 0.000
Minimization 3.25 0.94 3.55 0.88 2.740 0.006
Justification 3.10 0.87 3.56 0.89 3.955 0.000
Bolstering 3.61 0.83 3.29 0.95 3.25 0.000
Corrective action 3.57 0.93 3.35 0.87 2.281 0.023
Apology 3.60 0.84 3.31 0.95 2.945 0.003