TABLE 4.

Comparison of sleep quality of frontline nurses at baseline and 4‐week follow‐up (N = 52)

Variables	Baseline (pre‐test)	4‐Week follow‐up (post‐test)	Parameters	p
	(M ± SD)	(M ± SD)	t
PSQI total score	8.69 ± 4.346	7.48 ± 3.691	3.042	.004

	M [P25, P75]	M [P25, P75]	Z
Subjective sleep quality	1.00 [1.00, 2.00]	1.00 [1.00, 2.00]	−2.408	.016
Sleep latency	2.50 [1.25, 3.00]	2.00 [1.00, 3.00]	−1.268	.205
Sleep duration	1.00 [0, 1.00]	0 [0, 1.00]	−0.887	.375
Sleep efficiency	1.00 [0, 2.75]	1.00 [0, 1.00]	−2.436	.015
Sleep disturbances	1.00 [1.00, 2.00]	1.00 [1.00, 2.00]	−2.675	.007
Sleep medication	0 [0, 0]	0 [0, 0.75]	−0.354	.723
Daytime dysfunction	1.00 [1.00, 2.00]	1.00 [1.00, 2.00]	−0.323	.747

Abbreviations: M, mean; P25, 25th percentile; P75, 75th percentile; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SD, standard deviation.