Figure 5. CSE causes accumulation of both nDNA and mtDNA in the cytosol and extracellular space.

(A) Cytosolic nDNA and mtDNA were quantitated via qPCR using nDNA primers (β-globin) or mtDNA primers (NADH1). *P<0.05, **P<0.01 compared with control (n=7 or 9). (B) Cells were treated with CSE for 48 h. n-cfDNA and mt-cfDNA in the medium were quantitated. *P<0.05 (n=6). (C) n-cfDNA and mt-cfDNA in the plasma of smokers (n=11) and nonsmokers (n=15) were quantitated. *P<0.05.