Table 2.
ESG disclosure factors and their impact on businesses
| Studied factor | Relative factor | References |
|---|---|---|
|
ESG disclosure Ownership structure |
Cost of capital | (Ellili, 2020) |
|
ESG disclosure Competitive advantages ESG performance |
Business performance | (Mohammad & Wasiuzzaman, 2021) |
|
ESG disclosure ESG performance |
Business value | (Brooks & Oikonomou, 2018) |
| Board gender diversity | ESG disclosure | (Husted & de Sousa-Filho, 2019) |
| ESG transparency and disclosure | Business value | Business & Sustainable Development Commission (2017) |
| ESG disclosure | Equity financing | (Crifo et al., 2015) |
| ESG disclosure | Business value | (Li et al., 2018) |
| ESG disclosure | Financial transparency | (Oncioiu et al., 2020) |
| Board gender diversity | ESG disclosure | (Cucari et al., 2018) |
| Corporate governance | ESG disclosure | (Lagasio & Cucari, 2019) |
| ESG reporting | Gender diversity | (Bravo & Reguera-Alvarado, 2019) |
| ESG reporting | Corporate sustainability | (Conca et al., 2021) |
| ESG disclosure | Cost of capital | (Gjergji et al., 2021) |
| ESG disclosure | Islamic banking | (Buallay et al., 2020) |